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The Therapeutic Role of Glutathione in Oxidative Stress and Oxidative DNA Damage Caused by Hexavalent Chromium

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Abstract

Hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) causes various toxic and carcinogenic effects. The main carcinogenic effect is observed in the pulmonary system through inhalation route. Reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (V, IV, and III) reactive intermediates within the cells by intracellular reducing agents such as glutathione is an important event leading to oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage. This study evaluated the effects of intraperitoneal administration of Cr (VI) and GSH on total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index, and oxidative DNA damage by evaluating the level of 8-hydroxy-2́-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in Swiss-Albino mice. Seventy two mice were divided into 6 groups and treated intraperitoneally as follow: control (saline), group GSH (30 mg/kg GSH) groups of Cr-20 (20 mg/kg, K2Cr2O7), Cr-30 (30 mg/kg K2Cr2O7), Cr-20 + GSH (20 mg/kg K2Cr2O7 + 30 mg/kg GSH), Cr-30 + GSH (30 mg/kg K2Cr2O7 + 30 mg/kg GSH). Total oxidant capacities of Cr-20 and Cr-30 were increased compared to control, Cr-20 + GSH, and Cr-30 + GSH. TOS levels in Cr-20 + GSH and Cr-30 + GSH were lower than in Cr-20 and Cr-30. No difference in TAC was observed among the groups. 8-Hydroxy-2́-deoxyguanosine levels were increased in groups Cr-20 and Cr-30 compared with control and groups Cr-20 + GSH and Cr-30 + GSH. No difference was determined in 8-OHdG levels among control, groups GSH, Cr-20 + GSH and Cr-30 + GSH. Results indicate that Cr (VI) given i.p. route causes increased oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in the blood of Swiss-Albino mice. Administration of GSH via i.p. route protects from oxidative stress and DNA damage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey

    Asim Kart

  2. Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey

    Evren Koc

  3. Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Letter, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey

    Kezban Yildiz Dalginli, Canan Gulmez & Onur Atakisi

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey

    Mustafa Sertcelik

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  1. Asim Kart
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  2. Evren Koc
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Correspondence to Asim Kart.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests, and that this publication has been approved by all co-authors.

Ethical Approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures performed in the study involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of Kafkas University or practice at which the studies were conducted. All animal testing was conducted after permission for the use of animals was obtained from Kafkas University Local Ethics Committee (permission no. 2012–79).

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Kart, A., Koc, E., Dalginli, K.Y. et al. The Therapeutic Role of Glutathione in Oxidative Stress and Oxidative DNA Damage Caused by Hexavalent Chromium. Biol Trace Elem Res 174, 387–391 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0733-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0733-0

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