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Oxidative Stress and Histological Alterations of Chicken Brain Induced by Oral Administration of Chromium(III)

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the oxidative stress in chickens exposed to different concentrations of chromium trichloride (CrCl3) in drinking water. Seventy-two Hylan Brown male chickens were randomly divided into four groups: three experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups were exposed to three different doses (50 % LD50, 25 % LD50, and 12.5 % LD50) of CrCl3 mg/kg body weight for 42 days, while the control group was given the equivalent water. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic index (glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide) were measured after obtaining the brain samples. Results suggested that 50 % LD50 chromium(III) significantly increased (P < 0.05) the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. The antioxidant enzyme activities, total glutathione concentration, and total antioxidant capacity decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with those of the controls and were consistent with the increase in dosage and time. Additionally, extensive histological alterations were observed in the chicken brain, such as the vacuolization and nuclear condensation of the neurons. These results indicated that exposure to high-dose CrCl3 for a certain time could induce the occurrence of oxidative stress and histological alterations.

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Abbreviations

CrCl3 :

Chromium trichloride

CAT:

Catalase

GSH:

Glutathione

GPX:

Glutathione peroxidase

GSSG:

Oxidized glutathione

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

LD50 :

50 % lethal dose

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

T-SOD:

Total superoxide dismutase

T-AOC:

Total antioxidant capacity

TBA:

Thiobarbituric acid

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by the earmarked fund Shandong Modern Agricultural Technology and Industry System (No. SDAIT-13-011-04).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, China

    Jia Cheng, Wentao Fan, Xiaona Zhao, Yanhan Liu, Ziqiang Cheng & Jianzhu Liu

  2. Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, 271018, China

    Yongxia Liu

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  1. Jia Cheng
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  2. Wentao Fan
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  3. Xiaona Zhao
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  4. Yanhan Liu
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  7. Jianzhu Liu
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Correspondence to Yongxia Liu or Jianzhu Liu.

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Cheng, J., Fan, W., Zhao, X. et al. Oxidative Stress and Histological Alterations of Chicken Brain Induced by Oral Administration of Chromium(III). Biol Trace Elem Res 173, 185–193 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0640-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0640-4

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