Abstract
Leukemia is a major type of cancer affecting a significant segment of the population, and especially children. In fact, leukemia is the most frequent childhood cancer, with 26 % of all cases, and 20 % mortality. The multidrug resistance phenotype (MDR) is considered one of the major causes of failure in cancer chemotherapy. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of MDR1 and CYP450 genes in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K-562) treated with cisplatin (cisPt) and two ruthenium-based coordinated complexes [cisCRu(III) and cisDRu(III)]. The tested compounds induced apoptosis in K-562 tumor cells as evidenced by caspase 3 activation. Results also revealed that the amplification of P-gp gene is greater in K-562 cells exposed to cisPt and cisCRu(III) than cisDRu(III). Taken together, all these results strongly demonstrate that MDR-1 overexpression in K-562 cells could be associated to a MDR phenotype, and moreover, it is also contributing to the platinum and structurally related compound, resistance in these cells.
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Research and Projects Financing (FINEP) (Grant No. 01.06.0941.00/CT-Saúde to Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda) and Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Goias (FAPEG). Coordination for the Advancement of Higher Education Staff (CAPES) through fellowship to Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa, Hellen Karine Paes Porto and Lucas Carlos Gomes Pereira.
Funding Sources
There are no financial or personal interests that might be viewed as inappropriate influences on the work presented herein. This manuscript was completely financed by governmental and nonprofit institutions, the Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), Research and Projects Financing (FINEP), Coordination for the Advancement of Higher Education Staff (CAPES), and Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Goias (FAPEG).
Ethical Approval
No studies involving humans or experimental animals were conducted in this work. The human chronic myelogenous leukemia K-562 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA) and cultured in vitro.
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Vilanova-Costa, C.A.S.T., Porto, H.K.P., Pereira, L.C.G. et al. MDR1 and Cytochrome P450 Gene-Expression Profiles as Markers of Chemosensitivity in Human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells Treated with Cisplatin and Ru(III) Metallocomplexes. Biol Trace Elem Res 163, 39–47 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0133-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0133-2