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Biofouling in Membrane Bioreactors—Mitigation and Current Status: a Review

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Abstract

Biological fouling as termed biofouling is caused by varied living organisms and is difficult to eliminate from the environment thus becoming a major issue during membrane bioreactors. Biofouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) is a crucial problem in increasing liquid pressure due to reduced pore diameter, clogging of the membrane pores, and alteration of the chemical composition of the water which greatly limits the growth of MBRs. Thus, membrane biofouling and/or microbial biofilms is a hot research topic to improve the market competitiveness of the MBR technology. Though several antibiofouling strategies (addition of bioflocculant or sponge into MBRs) came to light, biological approaches are sustainable and more practicable. Among the biological approaches, quorum sensing-based biofouling control (so-called quorum quenching) is an interesting and promising tool in combating biofouling issues in the MBRs. Several review articles have been published in the area of membrane biofouling and mitigation approaches. However, there is no single source of information about biofouling and/or biofilm formation in different environmental settings and respective problems, antibiofilm strategies and current status, quorum quenching, and its futurity. Thus, the objectives of the present review were to provide latest insights on mechanism of membrane biofouling, quorum sensing molecules, biofilm-associated problems in different environmental setting and antibiofilm strategies, special emphasis on quorum quenching, and its futurity in the biofilm/biofouling control. We believe that these insights greatly help in the better understanding of biofouling and aid in the development of sustainable antibiofouling strategies.

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Author notes

  1. Naga Raju Maddela and Aransiola Sesan Abiodun contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departmento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador

    Naga Raju Maddela

  2. Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador

    Naga Raju Maddela

  3. Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency (NABDA), Ogbomoso, Nigeria

    Aransiola Sesan Abiodun

  4. School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Shaoqing Zhang

  5. Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Ram Prasad

Authors
  1. Naga Raju Maddela
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  2. Aransiola Sesan Abiodun
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  3. Shaoqing Zhang
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  4. Ram Prasad
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Contributions

Naga Raju Maddela: conceptualization; investigation, and writing (original draft, review, and editing). Aransiola Sesan Abiodun: writing (review and editing) and validation. Shaoqing Zhang: writing (review and editing) and validation. Ram Prasad: conceptualization; supervision; and review and editing the final draft. All authors read the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ram Prasad.

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Maddela, N.R., Abiodun, A.S., Zhang, S. et al. Biofouling in Membrane Bioreactors—Mitigation and Current Status: a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 5643–5668 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04262-3

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