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A New Mediterranean Flour Moth-Derived Chitosan: Characterization and Co-electrospun Hybrid Fabrication

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Abstract

In this study, the chitin of adult Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuheniella) (Cht) was extracted and then converted to chitosan by deacetylation process to achieve the chitosan derived from E. kuheniella (Chsfm). The new chitosan-based scaffold was produced using the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) co-electrospinning technique. The degree of deacetylation was obtained using the distillation-titration and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface morphology and crystallinity index of Chsfm were observed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, respectively, and compared with the commercial chitosan (Chsc). Thermogravimetric analysis was used to estimate two chitosans’ water content and thermal stability. The average molecular mass analysis was performed using viscometry. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration and DPPH assay were used to study the antimicrobial activity and antioxidant potential of the Chsfm, respectively. Accordingly, Chsfm was smoother with fewer pores and flakes than Chsc, and its crystallinity index was higher than Chsc. The water content and thermal stability were lower and similar for Chsfm compared to Chsc. The average molecular mass of Chsfm was ~ 5.8 kDa, making it classified as low molecular weight chitosan. The antimicrobial activity of Chsfm against a representative Gram-negative bacteria; E. coli resulted to be the same as Chsc. However, less effective than Chsc against a representative Gram-positive bacteria is S. aureus. The Chsfm/PVA ratio scaffold was optimized at 30:70 to fabricate a uniform nanofiber scaffold.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Acknowledgements

We also gratefully acknowledge the help provided by Dr. Yaghoub Fathipour for his support.

Funding

This work was supported by the University of Tehran, Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) and the National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Nargess Khosravi & Mahdi Zarabi

  2. College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Nargess Khosravi, Sajjad Shojai, Fatemeh Eshari & Mehran Habibi-Rezaei

  3. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Ali A. Moosavi-Movahedi

  4. UNESCO Chair on Interdisciplinary Research in Diabetes, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran

    Ali A. Moosavi-Movahedi

  5. Center of Excellence in Nano BioMedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran

    Mehran Habibi-Rezaei

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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Nargess Khosravi, Mahdi Zarabi, Sajjad Shojai, and Mehran Habibi-Rezaei and AA Moosavi-Movahedi. Nargess Khosravi and Sajjad Shojai wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors commented on previous versions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Khosravi, N., Zarabi, M., Shojai, S. et al. A New Mediterranean Flour Moth-Derived Chitosan: Characterization and Co-electrospun Hybrid Fabrication. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 3047–3066 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04246-3

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