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Biosurfactant Production from Pineapple Waste and Application of Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis

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Abstract

The use of non-conventional carbon sources for biosurfactant-producing microorganisms is a promising alternative in fermentation to substitute costly substrates. So, the current research used pineapple peel as a cost-effective and renewable substrate because of its rich composition in minerals and sugars and high availability. Following a 22 full factorial design, a bacterial strain of Bacillus subtilis produced biosurfactants in fermentative media containing different concentrations of glucose and concentrated pineapple peel juice (CPPJ). The influence of these two independent variables was evaluated according to three different responses: surface tension reduction rate (STRR), emulsification index (EI24), and concentration of semi-purified biosurfactant (SPB). The maximum value for STRR (57.63%) was obtained in media containing 0.58% glucose (w/v) and 5.82% CPPJ (v/v), while the highest EI24 response (58.60%) was observed at 2% glucose (w/v) and 20% CPPJ (v/v) and maximum SPB (1.28 g/L) at 3.42% glucose (w/v) and 34.18% CPPJ (v/v). Statistical analysis indicated that the CPPJ variable mostly influenced the STRR and SPB responses, whereas the EI24 was significantly influenced by pineapple peel juice and glucose contents.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial assistance from the Brazilian research funding agencies such as CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) under Finance Code 001, a Brazilian foundation within the Ministry of Education (MEC), CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), a Brazilian foundation associated to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovations (MCTI), FAPITEC/SE (the Foundation of Support to Research and Technological Innovation of the State of Sergipe), and Federal University of Sergipe (PIBITI/UFS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil

    Clara Virgínia Marques Santos, Denise Santos Ruzene & Daniel Pereira Silva

  2. Northeastern Biotechnology Network – RENORBIO, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil

    Isabela Maria Monteiro Vieira, Brenda Lohanny Passos Santos, Roberto Rodrigues de Souza, Denise Santos Ruzene & Daniel Pereira Silva

  3. Graduate Program in Intellectual Property Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil

    Daniel Pereira Silva

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  1. Clara Virgínia Marques Santos
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Contributions

CVMS: conceptualization, research, methodology, writing (original draft), and data curation. IMMV: methodology, writing (review and editing), and data curation. BLPS: methodology, writing (review and editing), and data curation. RRS: resources, methodology, and supervision. DSR: conceptualization, resources, methodology, project administration, supervision, and writing (review and editing). DPS: conceptualization, resources, methodology, project administration, supervision, and writing (review and editing).

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Correspondence to Daniel Pereira Silva.

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Santos, C.V.M., Vieira, I.M.M., Santos, B.L.P. et al. Biosurfactant Production from Pineapple Waste and Application of Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 386–400 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04159-1

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