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Effect of Reaction Temperature on Properties of Torrefied Kenaf

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Abstract

Torrefaction is a thermal treatment method used to achieve solid-phase biofuel. Raw biomass generally have low heating value and high moisture content; thus, these characteristics should be enhanced before using it as a fuel. In this study, herbaceous biomass kenaf was torrefied at 220, 260, 300, and 340 °C under nitrogen atmosphere for 30 min to investigate the effect of temperature on its properties. The properties of torrefied kenaf were classified into two groups: physical properties such as mass and energy yields, moisture content, and proximate analysis and chemical properties such as functional groups and chemical compositions of sugars and lignin. The mass and energy yield of torrefied kenaf decreased as the reaction temperature increased. In addition, an increase in carbon content and a rapid decrease in oxygen content were observed in torrefied kenaf, which indicated the degradation of compounds such as hemicellulose and cellulose. Elemental analysis, proximate analysis, thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and chemical composition analysis were performed to further investigate the characteristics of torrefied kenaf.

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Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Funding

This work was supported by the “International Collaborative Energy Technology R&D Program” of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and granted financial resources from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea (No. 20208520090080).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Food Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Hankyong National University, 327, Jungang-ro, 17579, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

    Seong Rae Lim & Byung Hwan Um

  2. Carbon-Neutral Resources Research Center, Hankyong National University, 327, Jungang-ro, 17579, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

    Ga Hee Kim & Byung Hwan Um

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, 16890, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

    Kyeong Keun Oh

Authors
  1. Seong Rae Lim
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  2. Ga Hee Kim
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization: Seong Rae Lim, Kyeong Keun Oh; Data curation: Seong Rae Lim; Formal analysis and investigation: Seong Rae Lim; Funding acquisition: Byung Hwan Um; Methodology: Kyeong Keun Oh; Project administration: Ga Hee Kim; Resources: Byung Hwan Um; Supervision: Byung Hwan Um; Validation: Kyeong Keun Oh; Visualization: Ga Hee Kim; Writing—original draft: Seong Rae Lim; Writing—review and editing: Seong Rae Lim, Ga Hee Kim. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Byung Hwan Um.

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Lim, S.R., Kim, G.H., Oh, K.K. et al. Effect of Reaction Temperature on Properties of Torrefied Kenaf. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 194, 6091–6105 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04021-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04021-4

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