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Composition of Synthesized Cellulolytic Enzymes Varied with the Usage of Agricultural Substrates and Microorganisms

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Abstract

We evaluated various agricultural lignocellulosic biomass and variety of fungi to produce cellulolytic enzymes cocktail to yield high amount of reducing sugars. Solid-state fermentation was performed using water hyacinth, paddy straw, corn straw, soybean husk/tops, wheat straw, and sugarcane bagasse using fungi like Nocardiopsis sp. KNU, Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus flavus, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium alone and in combination to produce cellulolytic enzymes. Water hyacinth produced (U ml−1) endoglucanase (51.13) and filter paperase (0.55), and corn straw produced (U ml−1) β-glucosidase (4.65), xylanase (113.32), and glucoamylase (41.27) after 7-day incubation using Nocardiopsis sp. KNU. Production of cellulolytic enzymes was altered due to addition of various nitrogen sources, metal ions, vitamins, and amino acids. The maximum cellulolytic enzymes were produced by P. chrysosporium (endoglucanase; 166.32 U ml−1 and exoglucanase; 12.20 U ml−1), and by T. viride (filter paperase; 1.57 U ml−1). Among all, co-culture of T. reesei, T. viride, A. flavus, and P. chrysosporium showed highest β-glucosidase (17.05 U ml−1). The highest xylanase (1129 U ml−1) was observed in T. viride + P. chrysosporium co-culture. This study revealed the dependency on substrate and microorganism to produce good quality enzyme cocktail to obtain maximum reducing sugars.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge authorities of Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India.

Funding

This research work was supported by Hanyang University (HY201800000003220) to SPG. MBK and BHJ thank National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) for the grant (NRF-2017R1A2B2004143).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, MS, 416004, India

    Siddheshwar Kshirsagar

  2. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Pankajkumar Waghmare

  3. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea

    Ganesh Saratale

  4. Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea

    Rijuta Saratale

  5. Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea

    Mayur Kurade, Byong-Hun Jeon & Sanjay Govindwar

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Kshirsagar, S., Waghmare, P., Saratale, G. et al. Composition of Synthesized Cellulolytic Enzymes Varied with the Usage of Agricultural Substrates and Microorganisms. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 191, 1695–1710 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-020-03297-8

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