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Advances in Anthrax Detection: Overview of Bioprobes and Biosensors

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Abstract

Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. Although anthrax commonly affects domestic and wild animals, it causes a rare but lethal infection in humans. A variety of techniques have been introduced and evaluated to detect anthrax using cultures, polymerase chain reaction, and immunoassays to address the potential threat of anthrax being used as a bioweapon. The high-potential harm of anthrax in bioterrorism requires sensitive and specific detection systems that are rapid, field-ready, and real-time monitoring. Here, we provide a systematic overview of anthrax detection probes with their potential applications in various ultra-sensitive diagnostic systems.

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Abbreviations

EF:

Edema factor

EAM:

Electrically active magnetic

EAPM:

Electrically active polyaniline-coated magnetic nanoparticles

ENIA:

Europium nanoparticle-based immunoassay

HTRF:

Homogenous time-resolved fluorescence

LF:

Lethal factor

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PA:

Protective antigen

PDPP:

Polyvalent directed peptide polymer

PNAs:

Peptide-nucleic acids

QCM:

Quartz crystal microbalance

QDs:

Quantum-dots

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Converging Research Center Program funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (project no. 2013K000283) and by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MEST, no. 2012R1A1A1043987 to J.K.)

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  1. Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea

    Joungmok Kim

  2. Department of Chemistry and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea

    Vinayakumar Gedi, Sang-Choon Lee, Jun-Haeng Cho, Ji-Young Moon & Moon-Young Yoon

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Kim, J., Gedi, V., Lee, SC. et al. Advances in Anthrax Detection: Overview of Bioprobes and Biosensors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 176, 957–977 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1625-z

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