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Isolation and Cultivation of a Xylanolytic Bacillus subtilis Extracted from the Gut of the Termite Reticulitermes santonensis

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Abstract

The aim of this work was the isolation of xylanolytic microorganisms from the digestive tract of the termite Reticulitermes santonensis. The reducing sugars released after the hydrolysis of xylans can be further fermented to provide bioethanol. A xylanolytic strain of Bacillus subtilis was isolated from the hindgut of the termite and displayed amylase and xylanase activities. The bacterium was grown on media containing agricultural residues: wheat bran, wheat distiller’s grains, and rapeseed oil cake. Wheat bran led to the highest induction of xylanase activity, although the development of the strain was less fast than in the other media. It was possible to reach maximal xylanase activities of 44.3, 33.5, and 29.1 I.U./ml in the media containing wheat bran, wheat distiller’s grains, and rapeseed oil cake, respectively. Mass spectrometry identified a wide range of xylose oligomers, highlighting an endoxylanase activity. The enzyme was stable up to 45 °C and displayed an optimal pH close to 8.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by an ARC contract (Action de Recherche Concertée; agreement Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech no. ARC 08-13/02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Bio-Industries, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium

    Cédric Tarayre, Alison Brognaux, Jacqueline Destain & Philippe Thonart

  2. Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Catherine Brasseur & Edwin De Pauw

  3. Unité d’Entomologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium

    Julien Bauwens, Eric Haubruge & Frédéric Francis

  4. Unité de Biologie Animale et Microbienne, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 6 Avenue Maréchal Juin, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium

    Catherine Millet, Christel Mattéotti, Micheline Vandenbol & Daniel Portetelle

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  1. Cédric Tarayre
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Tarayre, C., Brognaux, A., Brasseur, C. et al. Isolation and Cultivation of a Xylanolytic Bacillus subtilis Extracted from the Gut of the Termite Reticulitermes santonensis . Appl Biochem Biotechnol 171, 225–245 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0337-5

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