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Thermodynamic modeling and performance analysis of newly conceptualized Double basin concentric tubular solar still

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Abstract

With the increasing demand for clean and fresh drinking water, there is a growing interest and necessity for the development of water distillation systems that incorporate green technologies. In light of this, the present research work focuses on the thermodynamic modelling and analysis of a newly conceptualized design called Double Basin Concentric Tubular Solar Stills (DBCTSS). The present investigation considers essential thermodynamic performance parameters that are applicable to any solar-based water distillation system. These parameters include the glass cover temperature, basin water temperature, basin temperature, daily yield of freshwater distillate, modified convective, evaporative, and radiative heat transfer coefficients, cumulative yield, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency. The research investigates the individual and combined effects of the upper basin and lower basin effect by using performance perimeters. The results demonstrate that both the first and second basin effects affirm the superiority of the proposed DBCTSS design. The total yield achieved by this system is 6.424 kg/m2, which represents a 51.86% increase compared to the experimental work conducted on a conventional tubular solar still that utilizes sand as the energy storage material (CTSS with sand). Furthermore, the maximum thermal efficiency for the first and second basin effects is found to be 60.053% and 37.48%, respectively. Similarly, the exergy efficiency values are determined to be 5.092% and 2.1%, respectively.

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Abbreviations

\(h_{tl1}\) :

Total loss coefficient for first basin effect (W/m2 K)

\(U_{tl1}\) :

Overall total loss coefficient for first basin effect (W/m2 K)

\(h\) :

Heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

\(U_{sl}\) :

Overall side loss coefficient (W/m2 K)

\(U_{bl }\) :

Overall bottom loss coefficient (W/m2 K)

\(U_{tl2}\) :

Overall total loss coefficient for second basin effect (W/m2 K)

\(h_{t2}\) :

Total heat transfer coefficient for second basin effect (W/m2 K)

\(h_{fg}\) :

Enthalpy of vaporization (kJ/kg)

\(g\) :

Glass

\(w\) :

Water

\(\eta_{s}\) :

Thermal efficiency

\(\eta_{exr}\) :

Exergy efficiency

\(r\) :

Radiative

\(c\) :

Convective

\(e\) :

Evaporative

\(L\) :

Thickness (m)

\(q_{y}\) :

Amount of energy produced due to temperature difference (W/m2)

\(T\) :

Temperature (°C)

\(\alpha\) :

Absorbtivity

\(R\) :

Reflectivity

\(\tau\) :

Transmissivity

\(\in \) :

Emmisivity

\(Gr\) :

Grashoff number

\(\beta\) :

Coefficient of thermal expansion (1/°C)

\(\mu\) :

Dynamic viscosity kg/m s

\(\rho\) :

Density (kg/m3)

\(Pr\) :

Prandtl number

Cp:

Specific heat (kJ/kg K)

\(\sigma\) :

Stefan Boltzmann constant W/m2 k4

\(go - a\) :

Outer glass covers to ambient

\(gi - a\) :

Inner glasses cover to ambient

\(w - g\) :

Water to glass

\(b_{1} - w_{1 }\) :

Basin to water for upper basin effect

\(b_{1} - g_{i,2 }\) :

Basin of upper basin effect to inner glass cover of lower basin effect

\(b_{2} - w_{2 }\) :

Basin to water for lower basin effect

\(b2 - a\) :

Basin of lower basin effect to ambient

\(b2 - gi2\) :

Basin of lower basin effect to glass of lower basin effect

\(g2 - gi1\) :

Glass of lower of lower basin effect to glass of upper basin effect

\(b1 - a\) :

Basin of upper basin effect to ambient

\(b1 - gi2\) :

Basin of upper basin effect to inner glass cover of upper basin effect

\(b2 - a\) :

Basin of lower basin effect to ambient

\(b1 - gi2\) :

Basin of upper basin effect to inner glass cover of lower basin effect

\(go1 - a\) :

Outer glass covers of first basin effect to ambient

\(ins\) :

Insulation

DBCTSS:

Double basin concentric tubular solar still

CTSS:

Concentric tubular solar still

TSS:

Tubular solar still

PCM:

Phase change material

NPCM:

Nano-phase change material

SSOSS:

Single slope ordinary solar still

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Institute of Technology Raipur (CG), which has provided both online and offline research resources.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India

    Sunil Pal & Satish Kumar Dewangan

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  1. Sunil Pal
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Pal, S., Dewangan, S.K. Thermodynamic modeling and performance analysis of newly conceptualized Double basin concentric tubular solar still. Int J Interact Des Manuf 18, 55–69 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-023-01393-7

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