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Recovery of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Protein Isolate by High-Intensity Ultrasound-Aided Alkaline Isoelectric Solubilization/Precipitation Process

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Abstract

High-intensity ultrasound (HIU), which is regarded as “green” technology, was combined with an alkaline pH-shift process to extract tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) protein isolate (TPI) at various pH conditions. The results showed that HIU significantly decreased the consistency of alkaline muscle homogenate, especially at less extreme pH (pH 10.5), increased the protein solubility, and reduced the sediment ratio. Alkaline volume needed for pH adjustment to the same pH level was slightly increased by HIU, indicating that HIU accelerated the charging of myofibril protein particles and strengthened the electrostatic repulsion forces. Aided by two HIUs, the protein recovery at pH 10.5 was increased from 47.0 to 62.6 %, which was equivalent to that (62.4 %) at pH 11.5 without HIU, suggesting that ~40 % alkaline and corresponding acid in the process could be saved. SDS-PAGE images reveal that HIU induced partial degradation of titin and disassociation of nebulin with thin filament in sarcomere, which possibly facilitated the dispersion and solubilization of myofibril proteins. Those results of ATPase activity loss and surface hydrophobicity increase indicated that HIU also affected the conformation of the dissolved myofibril protein in muscle homogenate. TPI gel strength was elevated when the alkaline pH-shift process was aided by HIU.

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Acknowledgments

The authors express their appreciation to Tyre C. Lanier, a professor in the seafood lab of North Carolina State University, USA, for his advice regarding these studies. We also wish to thank the Chinese Government and the Research Programs of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province (A201201C03; A201201I04-2) for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology (SCUT), 381# Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510641, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Jinhe Tian, Zhiwei Zhu & Qingxiao Zeng

  2. Henan Institute of Science and Technology (HIST), Hualan Eastern Avenue, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China

    Yanjie Wang

  3. Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, 47# Guizhou Road, Shinan District, 266002, People’s Republic of China

    Meili Xin

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  1. Jinhe Tian
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  2. Yanjie Wang
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  3. Zhiwei Zhu
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  4. Qingxiao Zeng
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Correspondence to Zhiwei Zhu.

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Tian, J., Wang, Y., Zhu, Z. et al. Recovery of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Protein Isolate by High-Intensity Ultrasound-Aided Alkaline Isoelectric Solubilization/Precipitation Process. Food Bioprocess Technol 8, 758–769 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-014-1431-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-014-1431-6

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