Opinion statement
Recent advances in multidetector CT have made this modality an important part of congenital heart disease (CHD) evaluation in young patients. Faster scanning techniques combined with improved spatial resolution allow for exquisite postprocessing, enabling accurate preoperative and postoperative anatomic depiction. To optimize this technique, one must have a structured approach to the patient with CHD.
Similar content being viewed by others
References and Recommended Reading
Moodie DS: Adult congenital heart disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 1994, 9: 137–142.
Haramati LB, Glickstein JS, Issenberg HJ, et al.: MR imaging and CT of vascular anomalies and connections of patients with congenital heart disease: significance in surgical planning. Radiographics 2002, 22: 337–347.
Leschka S, Oechslin E, Husmann L, et al.: Pre-and post-operative evaluation of congenital heart disease in children and adults with 64-section CT. Radiographics 2007, 27: 829–846.
Kellenberger CJ, Yoo SJ, Büchel ER: Cardiovascular MR imaging in neonates and infants with congenital heart disease. Radiographics 2007, 27: 5–18.
Halon DA, Rubinshtein R, Gaspar T, et al.: Current status and clinical applications of cardiac multidetector computed tomography. Cardiology 2008, 109: 73–84.
Juergens KU, Fischbach R: Left ventricular function studied with MDCT. Eur Radiol 2006, 16: 342–357.
Kawano T, Ishii M, Takagi J, et al.: Three-dimensional helical computed tomographic angiography in neonates and infants with complex congenital heart disease. Am Heart J 2000, 139: 654–660.
Ou P, Celermajer DS, Calcagni G, et al.: Three-dimensional CT scanning: a new diagnostic modality in congenital heart disease. Heart 2007, 93: 908–913.
Siegel MJ: Pediatric CT angiography. Eur Radiol 2005, 15(Suppl 4): D32–D36.
Namasivayam S, Kalra MK, Torres WE, et al.: Adverse reactions to intravenous iodinated contrast media: a primer for radiologists. Emerg Radiol 2006, 12: 210–215.
Goo HW, Park IS, Ko JK, et al.: CT of congenital heart disease: normal anatomy and typical pathologic conditions. Radiographics 2003, 23 Spec No: S147–S165.
Hundt W, Rust F, Stäbler A, et al.: Dose reduction in multislice computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2005, 29: 140–147.
Jung B, Mahnken AH, Stargardt A, et al.: Individually weight-adapted examination protocol in retrospectively ECG-gated MSCT of the heart. Eur Radiol 2003, 13: 2560–2566.
Fricke BL, Donnelly LF, Frush DP, et al.: In-plane bismuth breast shields for pediatric CT: effects on radiation dose and image quality using experimental and clinical data. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003, 180: 407–411.
Gerber TC, Stratmann BP, Kuzo RS, et al.: Effect of acquisition technique on radiation dose and image quality in multidetector row computed tomography coronary angiography with submillimeter collimation. Invest Radiol 2005, 40: 556–563.
Ho SY: Cardiac morphology and nomenclature. In Diagnosis and Management of Adult Congenital Heart Disease. Edited by Gatzoulis MA, Webb GD, Daubeny PEF. London: Churchill Livingstone; 2003: 7–18.
Kaemmerer H, Stern H, Fratz S, et al.: Imaging in adults with congenital cardiac disease (ACCD). Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000, 48: 328–335.
Siegel MJ, Bhalla S, Gutierrez FR, et al.: MDCT of postoperative anatomy and complications in adults with cyanotic heart disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005: 241–247.
Danford DA: Factors influencing choice of procedure in transposition of the great arteries: a decision analysis approach. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990, 16: 471–475.
Khairy P, Fernandes SM, Mayer JE Jr, et al.: Long-term survival, modes of death, and predictors of mortality in patients with Fontan surgery. Circulation 2008, 117: 85–92.
Farra H, Balzer DT: Transcatheter occlusion of a large pulmonary arteriovenous malformation using the Amplatzer vascular plug. Pediatr Cardiol 2005, 26: 683–685.
Shah MJ, Rychik J, Fogel MA, et al.: Pulmonary AV malformations after superior cavopulmonary connection resolution after inclusion of hepatic veins in the pulmonary circulation. Ann Thorac Surg 1997, 63: 960–963.
Ashrafian A, Swan L: The mechanism of formation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations associated with the classic Glenn shunt (superior cavopulmonary anastomosis). Heart 2002, 88: 639.
Balzer DT, Johnson M, Sharkey AM, et al.: Transcatheter occlusion of baffle leaks following atrial switch procedures for transposition of the great vessels (d-TGV). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004, 61: 259–263.
Berg C, Bender F, Soukup M, et al.: Right aortic arch detected in fetal life. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2006, 28: 882–889.
Craatz S, Künzel E, Spanel-Borowski K: Right-sided aortic arch and tetralogy of Fallot in humans-a morphological study of 10 cases. Cardiovasc Pathol 2003, 12: 226–232.
Cantinotti M, Hegde S, Bell A, Razavi R: Diagnostic role of magnetic resonance imaging in identifying aortic arch anomalies. Congenit Heart Dis 2008, 3: 117–123.
Santoro G, Gaio G, Morelli C, et al.: Dysphagia lusoria due to “abortive” double right aortic arch. Int J Cardiol 2007, 118: e13–e15.
Sebastià C, Quiroga S, Boyé R, et al.: Aortic stenosis: spectrum of diseases depicted at multisection CT. Radiographics 2003, 23 Spec No: S79–S91.
Braverman AC, Güven H, Beardslee MA, et al.: The bicuspid aortic valve. Curr Probl Cardiol 2005, 30: 470–522.
Applegate KE, Goske MJ, Pierce G, et al.: Situs revisited: imaging of the heterotaxy syndrome. Radiographics 1999, 19: 837–852.
Burney K, Young H, Barnard SA, et al.: CT appearances of congenital and acquired abnormalities of the superior vena cava. Clin Radiol 2007, 62: 837–842.
Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Testa A, Vidan J, et al.: Persistent left superior vena cava draining into the coronary sinus: report of 10 cases and literature review. Clin Cardiol 2004, 27: 515–518.
Takada Y, Narimatsu A, Kohno A, et al.: Anomalous left brachiocephalic vein: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1992, 16: 893–896.
Cook AL, Hurwitz LM, Valente AM, et al.: Right heart dilatation in adults: congenital causes. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007, 189: 592–601.
Wang ZJ, Reddy GP, Gotway MB, et al.: Cardiovascular shunts: MR imaging evaluation. Radiographics 2003, 23 Spec No: S181–S194.
Takasugi JE, Godwin JD, Chen JT: CT in congenitally-corrected transposition of the great vessels. Comput Radiol 1987, 11: 215–221.
Kim SY, Seo JB, Do KH, et al.: Coronary artery anomalies: classification and ECG-gated multi-detector row CT findings with angiographic correlation. Radiographics 2006, 26: 317–333.
Carvalho JS, Silva CM, Rigby ML, et al.: Angiographic diagnosis of anomalous coronary artery in tetralogy of Fallot. Br Heart J 1993, 70: 75–78.
Cronin P, Sneider MB, Kazerooni EA, et al.: MDCT of the left atrium and pulmonary veins in planning radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a how-to guide. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004, 183: 767–778.
Haramati LB, Moche IE, Rivera VT, et al.: Computed tomography of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in adults. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2003, 27: 743–749.
Ferguson EC, Krishnamurthy R, Oldham SA: Classic imaging signs of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. Radiographics 2007, 27: 1323–1334.
Maeda E, Akahane M, Kato N, et al.: Assessment of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries with multidetector-row computed tomography. Radiat Med 2006, 24: 378–383.
Clapp S, Morrow WR: Development of superior vena cava to pulmonary vein fistulae following modified Fontan operation: case report of a rare anomaly and embolization therapy. Pediatr Cardiol 1998, 19: 363–365.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bhalla, S., Javidan-Nejad, C., Bierhals, A.J. et al. CT in the evaluation of congenital heart disease in children, adolescents, and young adults. Curr Treat Options Cardio Med 10, 425–432 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-008-0034-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-008-0034-9