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Update on Biomarkers of Vasculopathy in Juvenile and Adult Myositis

  • Inflammatory Muscle Disease (L Diederichsen and H Chinoy, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Rheumatology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Although rare, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) comprise a heterogeneous group of autoimmune conditions in adults and children. Increasingly, vasculopathy is recognised to be key in the underlying pathophysiology and plays a crucial role in some of the more challenging complications including calcinosis, gastrointestinal involvement and interstitial lung disease. The exciting prospect of development of biomarkers of vasculopathy would enable earlier detection and monitoring of these complications and possible prevention of their potentially devastating consequences. The purpose was to review the current literature on biomarkers of vasculopathy in IIM and offer insight as to the biomarkers most likely to have an impact on clinical care.

Recent Findings

Multiple candidate biomarkers have been studied including circulating endothelial cells (CEC), microparticles (MP), soluble adhesion markers (ICAM-1, ICAM-3, VCAM-1), selectin proteins (E-, L-, P-selectin), coagulation factors, angiogenic factors, cytokines (including (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-18) and interferon (IFN)-related biomarkers (including IFNα, IFN-β, IFNγ, galectin-9, interferon signature and interferon-related chemokines (MCP-1, IP-10 and MIG). There is a growing body of evidence of the potential role of biomarkers in detecting and monitoring the vasculopathy in IIM, detecting disease activity and predicting disease flares and overall prognosis.

Summary

Exciting progress has been made in the search for biomarkers of vasculopathy of IIM; however, none of the studies are validated and further research is required.

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Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance

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  1. Paediatric Rheumatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, WC1N3JH, UK

    Kirsty McLellan

  2. Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

    Kirsty McLellan & Charalampia Papadopoulou

  3. Infection, Inflammation, and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK

    Charalampia Papadopoulou

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ChP has received speaker fees from Sobi and Consultancy fees from Novartis.

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McLellan, K., Papadopoulou, C. Update on Biomarkers of Vasculopathy in Juvenile and Adult Myositis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 24, 227–237 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-022-01076-4

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