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Physiological Changes from Violence-Induced Stress and Trauma Enhance HIV Susceptibility Among Women

  • Behavioral Bio-Medical Interface (JL Brown and RJ DiClemente, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This theoretical review identifies physiological mechanisms by which violence against women (VAW) may increase women’s susceptibility to HIV through trauma, stress, and immune dysfunction.

Recent Findings

Research documents systemic and local immune responses are related to stress and trauma from abuse across the life course (i.e., childhood, IPV, adulthood re-victimization). Findings are interpreted within a theoretical framework grounded in the Social Stress Theory and the concept of toxic stress, and highlight the current state of the science connecting: (1) VAW to the physiological stress response and immune dysfunction, and (2) the physiological stress response and inflammation to HIV susceptibility and infection in the female reproductive tract.

Summary

Despite a dearth of research in human subjects, evidence suggests that VAW plays a significant role in creating a physiological environment conducive to HIV infection. We conclude with a discussion of promising future steps for this line of research.

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Funding

This research was supported by grants from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD077891 - support for J.K. Stockman, J.C. Campbell, A.N. Cimino, C.N. Holliday, and K. Tsuyuki; R01HD077891-04S1 – support for K. Tsuyuki; T32HD064428 – J. Campbell, C.N. Holliday and A. N. Cimino), the National Institute of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (K01AA025009 - K. Tsuyuki), the National Institute of Drug Abuse (K01DA031593 - J.K. Stockman; T32DA023356 - K. Tsuyuki), the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (L60MD003701 - J.K. Stockman; L60MD011184- K. Tsuyuki; 1L60MD012089-01 – C.N. Holliday), the Health Resources and Services Administration (T76MC00003 – C.N. Holliday), Johns Hopkins University Center for AIDS Research (P30AI094189), and the UCSD Center for AIDS Research (P30AI036214).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0507, USA

    Kiyomi Tsuyuki, Noor A. Al-Alusi & Jamila K. Stockman

  2. Department of Community-Public Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Andrea N. Cimino & Jacquelyn C. Campbell

  3. Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Charvonne N. Holliday

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  1. Kiyomi Tsuyuki
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  2. Andrea N. Cimino
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  3. Charvonne N. Holliday
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  4. Jacquelyn C. Campbell
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  5. Noor A. Al-Alusi
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Correspondence to Kiyomi Tsuyuki.

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Tsuyuki, K., Cimino, A.N., Holliday, C.N. et al. Physiological Changes from Violence-Induced Stress and Trauma Enhance HIV Susceptibility Among Women. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 16, 57–65 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-019-00435-8

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