Skip to main content
Log in

Economic Impact of Diabetes in Japan

  • Economics and Policy in Diabetes (AA Baig and N Laiteerapong, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Diabetes Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of review

The economic burden of diabetes in Japan is already serious and will become greater in the future. We review the economic impact of diabetes in Japan to examine viable options for mitigating its effects.

Recent findings

Medical costs for diabetes have been increasing by US $1 million annually, reaching US $11 million in 2009, of which US $7 million was accounted for by people aged 65 years or older. The quality of treatment of diabetes in Japan is higher than in other regions in the world. This can be more effective for achieving glycemic control, but is also more expensive compared with conventional treatment.

Summary

Because of the high cost of diabetes in Japan, a coordinated response is needed. Intervention trials for people with prediabetes aimed at preventing the occurrence of diabetes seem to be the most cost-effective method for lowering the medical costs of diabetes, rather than the use of new, expensive antidiabetic drugs in patients with established diabetes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

  1. International Diabetes Federation, editor. Diabetes Atlas. 6th ed: International Diabetes Federation; 2013.

  2. • Health and Welfare Statistics Association. Kokumin Eisei no Doko (Trends in Nation’s Health, Japan). Health and Welfare Statistics Association: Tokyo; 2015 (in Japanese). This study provides annual national health trends in Japan.

  3. Bommer C, Heesemann E, Sagalova V, Manne-Goehler J, Atun R, Bärnighausen T, et al. The global economic burden of diabetes in adults aged 20-79 years: a cost-off-illness study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5:423–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Sagel JE. Cost-off-illness studies-A primer, RTI-UNC Center of Excellence in Health Promotion Economics; 2006.

  5. Bagust A, Hopkinson PK, Maslove L, Currie CI. The project health care burden of type 2 diabetes in the UK from 2000 to 2060. Diabet Med. 2002;19(Suppl. 4):1–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Huang ES, Basu A, O’Grady M, Capretta JC. Projecting the future diabetes population size and related costs for the U.S. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:2225–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Vos T, Gross J, Begg S, Mann N. Projection of health care expenditure by disease: a case study from Australia. Brisbane, Australia: School of population Health, University of Queensland; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Waldeyer R, Brinks R, Rathmann W, Glani G, Icks A. Projection of the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Germany: a demographic modelling approach to estimate the direct medical excess costs from 2010 to 2040. Diabet Med. 2013;30:999–1008.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Hex N, Bartlett C, Wright D, Taylor M, Varley D. Estimating the current and future costs of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the UK, including direct health costs and indirect societal and productivity costs. Diabet Med. 2012;29:855–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Javanbakht M, Mashayekhi A, Baradaran HR, Haghdoost A, Afshin A. Projection of diabetes population size and associated economic burden through 2030 in Iran: evidence from micro-simulation Markov model and Bayesian meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0132505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Rowley WR, Bezold C. Creating public awareness: state 2025 diabetes forecasts. Popul Health Manag. 2012;15:194–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. • Seuring T, Archangelidi O, Suhrcke. The economic costs of type 2 diabetes: A global systemic review. Pharmacoeconomics. 2015;33:811–31 This study reviews the societal cost of type 2 diabetes worldwide, estimated using direct and indirect costs based on previously published literature.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. •• Bommer C, Sagalova V, Heesemann E, Manne-Goehler J, Atun R, Bärnighausen T, et al. Global economic burden of diabetes in adults: projections from 2015 to 2030. Diabetes Care. 2018;41:963–70 This study reports the GDP-relative economic burden in individuals aged 20–79 years using epidemiological and demographic data in 184 countries, projected from 2015 for 2030.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Health and Welfare Statistics Association. Kokumin Eisei no Doko (Trends in Nation’s Health, Japan). Tokyo: Health and Welfare Statistics Association; 2001. (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kuriyama S, Tsuji I, Ohkubo T, Anzai Y, Takahashi K, Watanaeb Y, et al. Medical care expenditure associated with body mass index in Japan: the Ohsaki Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26:1069–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Nakamura K, Okamura T, Kanda H, Hayakawa T, Okayama A, Ueshima H, et al. Medical costs of obese Japanese: a 10-year follow-up study of National Health Insurance in Shiga, Japan. Eur J Pub Health. 2007;17:424–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shimoda M, Kaku K. Medical economy in the treatment of diabetes and its problems. Nippon Rinsho. 2012;70(Suppl. 5):663–6 (in Japanese).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Inada O. Medical costs in type 2 diabetes. Himan to Tounyobyo. 2009;8:672–5 (in Japanese).

  19. DCCT Research Group. Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the development and progression of long-term complications in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. J Pediatr. 1994;125:177–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The relationship of glycemic exposure (HbA1c) to the risk of development and progression of retinopathy in the diabetes control and complications trial. Diabetes. 1995;44:968–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Maruyama T. Medical costs in type 1 diabetes. Himan to Tounyobyo. 2009;8:670–1 (in Japanese).

  22. • Kikuchi N, Tajima N, Ueki K, Yokoyama T, Ikegami H, Urakami T. Definition of complete insulin -dependent type 1 diabetes. Report of research grant from Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (H28-Junkanki-Ippan-006), 2018 (in Japanese). This report discusses the current economic status of diabetes treatment and management in 2018.

  23. Aono S, Matsuura N, Ameiya S, Igrashi Y, Uchigata Y, Urakami T, et al. Epidemiological survey of social adjustment and living condition in patients with childhood onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus aged over 18 years. Tounyobyo. 1997;40:547–55 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Pan XR, Li GW, Hu YH, Wang JX, Yang WY, An ZX, et al. Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance: the Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 1997;20:537–44.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hisashige A. Prevention of diabetes and economic efficacy. Prog Med. 2005;25:80–5 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tatsuhiko Urakami.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Tatsuhiko Urakami, Remi Kuwabara, and Kei Yoshida declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Economics and Policy in Diabetes

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Urakami, T., Kuwabara, R. & Yoshida, K. Economic Impact of Diabetes in Japan. Curr Diab Rep 19, 2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-019-1122-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-019-1122-9

Keywords

Navigation