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High-Temperature Oxidation of Steels in Direct-Fired CO2 Power Cycle Environments

  • Corrosion and Protection of Materials at High Temperatures
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Abstract

Future direct-fired supercritical CO2 power cycles require steels resistant to oxidation/corrosion in high-temperature CO2 environments containing various impurities. Herein we studied the oxidation behavior of 14 candidate steels in a simulated direct-fired CO2 power cycle environment consisting of 95% CO2, 4% H2O, 1% O2 with/without 0.1% SO2 at 1 atm and 550 °C, 600 °C, 650 °C for up to 2500 h. Steels with ≥ 11.5 wt% Cr exhibited at least partial coverage by Cr-rich oxide scales leading to a significant decrease in the oxidation rates in both gases. While SO2 had little effect on low-Cr steels that formed Fe-rich oxides, it generally worsened performance of high-Cr (> 11.5 wt%) steels by hindering the establishment of a protective Cr-rich oxide. This effect was most pronounced at the lowest temperature of 550 °C, which was attributed to strong preferential adsorption of sulfur-containing species within the oxide at relatively low temperatures.

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Acknowledgements

This work was performed in support of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Fossil Energy Crosscutting Technology Research Program. We thank Jeffrey Hawk (NETL), Paul Jablonski (NETL) and Martin Detrois (NETL) for providing the NETL developed steels (JMP3, JMP4, CPJ7). We further thank Christopher McKaig (NETL) and Matthew Fortner (NETL) for preparing the sample cross-sections and Keith Collins (NETL) for performing the electron microprobe analysis.

Funding

This work was funded by the Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, an agency of the United States Government, through an NETL Support Contractor. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor the contractor, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Energy Technology Laboratory, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR, 97321, USA

    Richard P. Oleksak, Joseph H. Tylczak & Ömer N. Doğan

  2. NETL Support Contractor, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR, 97321, USA

    Richard P. Oleksak

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  1. Richard P. Oleksak
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Correspondence to Richard P. Oleksak.

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Oleksak, R.P., Tylczak, J.H. & Doğan, Ö.N. High-Temperature Oxidation of Steels in Direct-Fired CO2 Power Cycle Environments. JOM 73, 3965–3973 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-04960-z

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