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Microstructural Characterization of Red Mud as Affected by Inorganic and Organic Chemicals Permeation

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Abstract

The microstructural characteristics of red mud (RM), especially specific surface area (SSA) and mesoporosity, and the effects of various representative fluids, namely methanol (80% v/v), trichloroethylene (TCE) (1100 mg/L), acetic acid (pH 2), and CaCl2 (5% w/v) aqueous solutions, were studied using N2-gas adsorption. The effect of compaction was also assessed. RM powder exhibited a moderate Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET)-SSA and is mostly a mesoporous (large mesopores, 200–500 Å) and a macroporous material. Compaction affected the macro and large, but not the fine, mesopores. Among the fluids, CaCl2 and acetic acid induced notable and opposing changes in RM microstructural characteristics. CaCl2 decreased SSA and suppressed fine mesoporosity, whereas acetic acid greatly enhanced them. Fractal analysis further indicated increasing surface roughness and heterogeneity of pore structure during acid exposure, altogether envisaging an improvement of adsorption capacity and a decrease of permeability of the RM.

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Acknowledgements

Víctor Varcárcel acknowledges the support of the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program (No. 2013C099) and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (No. 2014DFA2014DFA53020).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departmento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    David A. Rubinos & María Teresa Barral

  2. Advanced Composite Materials Research Center, Tsinghua Innovation Center in Dongguan, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China

    Víctor Valcárcel

  3. Department of Maritime Technologies, BAUER Maschinen GmbH, Schrobenhausen, Germany

    Giovanni Spagnoli

Authors
  1. David A. Rubinos
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  2. Víctor Valcárcel
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  3. Giovanni Spagnoli
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  4. María Teresa Barral
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Correspondence to David A. Rubinos.

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Rubinos, D.A., Valcárcel, V., Spagnoli, G. et al. Microstructural Characterization of Red Mud as Affected by Inorganic and Organic Chemicals Permeation. JOM 69, 1607–1612 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2301-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2301-2

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