Abstract
The crofton weed, Ageratina adenophora, is one of the most invasive alien species in China. To investigate and clarify the defense strategy of A. adenophora under the feeding stress of polyphagous natural enemies, native and introduced A. adenophora populations were fed by different densities of Aphis gossypii (15, 30, 45, and 60 aphids/plant) for different feeding times (0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h), and variation of nutrients contents, secondary metabolites contents, and antioxidant enzymes activities were determined in both populations. The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, and flavonoid, and the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase increased significantly, while the content of tannic acid decreased significantly with the increase of aphid density and feeding time. The trends of such variation in both native and invasive populations were similar. However, the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, and flavonoid, and the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in introduced population were significantly higher (1.92, 1.13, 1.22, 1.16, and 1.61 times, respectively) than those in native population, while the contents of tannic acid in introduced population were significantly lower (89.28%) than those of in native population. In general, introduced A. adenophora population was more sensitive and exhibited stronger resistance to A. gossypii feeding than native population, which might contribute to the defense strategies of A. adenophora with regard to its successful establishment and expansion in invaded area.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barbehenn RV, Constabel CP (2011) Tannins in plant–herbivore interactions. Phytochemistry 72(13):1551–1565
Bess HA, Haramoto FH (1972) Biological control of pamakani, Eupatorium adenophorum, in Hawaii by a tephritid gall fly, Procecidochares utilis 3 Status of the weed, fly and the parasites of the fly in 1966–71 versus 1950–57. Hawaii Entomol Soc 40(2):244–249
Blossey B, Notzold R (1995) Evolution of increased competitive ability in invasive nonindigenous plants: a hypothesis. J Ecol 83(5):887–889
Blytt HJ, Guscar TK, Butler LG (1988) Antinutritional effects and ecological significance of dietary condensed tannins may not be due to binding and inhibiting digestive enzymes. J Chem Ecol 14(6):1455
Cheng LK, Ren Q, Liu XX et al (2007) Behavioral responses of Aphis gossypii and Coccinella septempunctata to volatiles from Eupatorium adenophorum and an analysis of chemical components of the volatiles. Acta Entomol Sin 50(11):1194–1199
Cheng L, He CG, Hu GX et al (2009) The effects of Therioaphis trifolii on the activities of PAL, POD and PPO in five alfalfa varieties. Plant Protect 35(6):87–90
Fromme P, Melkozernov A, Jordan P et al (2003) Structure and function of photosystem I: interaction with its soluble electron carriers and external antenna systems. FEBS Lett 555:40–44
Gui FR, Wan FH, Guo JY (2008) Population genetics of Ageratina adenophora using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers in China. Plant Biosyst 142:255–263
Gui FR, Wan FH, Guo JY (2009) Determination of the population genetic structure of the invasive weed Ageratina adenophora using ISSR-PCR markers. Russ J Plant Physiol 56(3):410–416
Heystek F, Wood AR, Neser S et al (2011) Biological control of two Ageratina species (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) in South Africa. African Entomol 19:208–216
Horvitz N, Wang R, Zhu M et al (2014) A simple modeling approach to elucidate the maintransport processes and predict invasive spread: River-mediated invasion of Ageratina adenophora in China. Water Resour Res 50:9738–9747
Huang W, Jia ZK, Han QF (2007) Effects of herbivore stress by Aphis medicaginis Koch on the contents of MDA and activities of protective enzymes in different alfalfa varieties. Acta Ecol Sin 27(6):2177–2183
Kessler A, Baldwin IT (2001) Defensive function of herbivore-induced plant volatile emissions in nature. Science 291:2141–2144
Kong HL, Lü M, Wu L et al (2014) Effects of Bemisia tabaci damage on the protective enzyme activity and the secondary metabolite content of leaves in different pepper varieties. Chin J Appl Entomol 51(6):1553–1560
Li JB, Fang LP, Lü ZZ et al (2008) Relationships between the cotton resistance to the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) and the content of soluble sugars. Plant Protect 34(2):26–30
Li H, Zhu XF, Abudu K et al (2009) Occurrence and damage of Scolytus seulensis in Kashi. Plant Protect 35(6):135–138
Liu CZ, Lan JN (2009) Variations of oxidase in the seedling of three alfalfa varieties infested by Therioaphis trifolii Monell (Homoptera: Aphididae). Acta Agrestia Sin 17(1):32–35
Liu XM, Yang QH (1993) Physiological and biochemical mechanism of cotton resistance to the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) and its relationship with population growth and decline of cotton aphid. Acta Phytophylacica Sin 20(1):25–29
Lu Y, Wang PL, Liu B et al (2009) Resistance and relevant mechanism to Aphis gossypii Glover of main cotton varieties in Xinjiang. Cotton Sci 21(1):57–63
Lu Y, Wang HQ, Chen LS et al (2017) Correlation between induced resistance aphids and secondary metabolism enzyme activities of cotton varieties in Xinjiang. Plant Protect 4:51–55
Maxwell FG, Jennings PR (1980) Breeding plants resistant to insects. Wiley, New York
Morkunas I, Woźniak A, Formela M et al (2016) Pea aphid infestation induces changes in flavonoids, antioxidative defence, soluble sugars and sugar transporter expression in leaves of pea seedlings. Protoplasma 253(4):1–17
Müller-Schärer H, Schaffner U, Steinger T (2004) Evolution in invasive plants: implications for biological control. Trends Ecol Evol 19(8):417–422
Niu YF, Feng YL, Xie JL et al (2010) Noxious invasive Eupatorium adenophorum may be a moving target: Implications of the finding of a native natural enemy, Dorylus orientalis. Chin Sci Bull 55:3743–3745
Pang BP, Gao JP, Zhou XR et al (2006) Relationship between host plant preference of Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and secondary plant compounds and trichomes of host foliage. Acta Entomol Sin 49(5):810–815
Qian L, He SQ, Liu XW et al (2018) Effect of elevated CO2 on the interaction between invasive thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and its host kidney bean Phaseolus vulgaris. Pest Manag Sci 74(12):2773–2782
Stamp N (2003) Out of the quagmire of plant defense hypotheses. Q Rev Biol 78(1):23–55
Wan FH, Liu WX, Guo JY et al (2010) Invasive mechanism and control strategy of Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel). Sci China Life Sci 53:1291–1298
Wan FH, Hou YM, Jiang MX (2015) Invasion biology. China Science Publishing, Beijing
Wang R, Wang YZ (2006) Invasion dynamics and potential spread of invasive alien plant species Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae) in China. Divers Distrib 12:397–408
Wang XY, Zhou LH, Chen Y et al (2011) The activity of some physiological indexes of soybean leaves fed by Aphis glycines. Chin J Appl Entomol 48(6):1655–1660
Wang Y, Siemann E, Wheeler GS et al (2012) Genetic variation in anti-herbivore chemical defences in an invasive plant. J Ecol 100(4):894–904
Wang ZW, Xu HC, Wang YZ et al (2016) Effect of bark substances on feeding and oviposition of Anoplophora glabripennis. J Environ Entomol 38(5):942–949
Wu YQ, Guo YY (2001) Potential resistance of tannins–flavonoids in upland cotton against Helicpverpa armigera (Hübner). Acta Ecol Sin 02:286–289
Xu J, Liu ED, Xiang CL et al (2011) Orthezia quadrua (Homoptera: Ortheziidae): a native natural enemy of Ageratina adenophora and Chromolaena odorata. J Yunnan Agric Univ 04:577–579
Zhang T, Liu C (2011) Effects of Rhopalosiphum padi on the antioxidant enzymes in three ecotypes of wheat. Plant Prot 37:72–75
Zhang SZ, Hua BZ, Zhang F (2008) Induction of the activities of antioxidative enzymes and the levels of malondialdehyde in cucumber seedlings as a consequence of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) infestation. Arthropod Plant Interact 2(4):209–213
Zhang HY, Wei SH, Zhang R et al (2016) Effects of Acyrthosiphon pisum on enzyme activities and nutrients of different alfalfa varieties. Pratacult Sci 33(1):144–152
Acknowledgements
We sincerely appreciate Dr. Lei Qian from Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China and Prof. Limin Zhang from Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China who provided constructive comments on statistical analysis. This research was funded by National Nature Science Foundations of China (NSFC) (31660546, 31260450) and National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1202100).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. All authors have agreed to authorship and the order of authorship for this manuscript; and all authors have the appropriate permissions and rights to the reported data.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Research involving human participants and/or animals
This paper does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Handling Editor: Ritu Chaudhary.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lin, Y., He, SQ., Lu, ZH. et al. Influence of Aphis gossypii feeding on defense strategy of native and introduced populations of Ageratina adenophora. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 14, 345–356 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-020-09748-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-020-09748-7