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Die „mean disease alleviation“

Ein neues Konzept in der Bewertung von Therapieverfahren bei der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe

Mean disease alleviation

A new concept in the evaluation of therapeutic approaches for obstructive sleep apnea

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Zusammenfassung

Die Bewertung von Therapieverfahren bei der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA) bezieht sich bisher vornehmlich auf die Reduktion der respiratorischen Ereignisse. Darüber hinaus ist jedoch die Akzeptanz und Compliance gegenüber einer Therapie nicht weniger bedeutsam. Aktuelle Studien haben mehrfach die Bedeutung einer ausreichenden Nutzungszeit insbesondere für die langfristigen klinischen Endpunkte herausgestellt. Wie die Compliance beurteilt bzw. quantifiziert werden soll, ist nicht einheitlich geklärt, sie unterscheidet sich zwischen den Therapieverfahren jedoch erheblich, was sich auch auf das klinische Therapieergebnis auswirkt. Zur Frage, wie die Unterschiede in der Beurteilung des Therapieeffektes und im Vergleich zwischen Therapieverfahren berücksichtigt werden sollen, wurden in der Literatur verschiedene Vorschläge unterbreitet. Aktuell erscheint das Konzept der „mean disease alleviation“ (MDA) von besonderem Interesse. Die MDA lässt sich am ehesten mit „mittlere Reduktion der Krankheitslast“ übersetzen. Sie beruht auf der Effektivität (der Reduktion der respiratorischen Ereignisse) und der Compliance in Prozent und ergibt einen mittleren prozentualen Wert zur Reduktion der Krankheitslast. Der Vorteil dieses Konzepts liegt in der anschaulichen Darstellung und direkten Vergleichbarkeit der Effektivität verschiedener Verfahren. Die Limitation liegt in der Definition der Compliance, da die Werte für die MDA nur dann direkt vergleichbar sind, wenn identische Definitionen für die Compliance zugrunde gelegt werden. Mit der MDA steht jedoch ein neues und anschauliches Werkzeug zur Beurteilung und zum Vergleich von Therapieverfahren zur Verfügung, das zukünftig stärker berücksichtigt werden sollte.

Abstract

The evaluation of treatment efficacy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is currently based predominantly on the reduction of respiratory events. However, treatment acceptance and compliance of the patient are of equal importance. To date, no clear definition for measuring and quantifying compliance has been established, although current studies have emphasized the importance of compliance with regard to long-term clinical outcome. The available treatment options for OSA vary significantly with regard to compliance, and the impact on clinical and long-term treatment results is substantial. In order to address the question of compliance when reporting treatment effects and comparing the efficacy of different treatment options, various strategies have been proposed in the literature. Currently, the concept of the mean disease alleviation (MDA) is of particular interest. MDA is based on treatment effect with regard to both the reduction in respiratory events, as well as compliance measured in percent, leading to an overall percentage reduction in disease severity. The concept of MDA has been used to describe treatment effects of various different interventions. Its major advantages are the intuitive report of a single outcome measure and the possibility to directly compare the effects of different treatment strategies. MDA is limited by the definition of compliance, since the values for MDA are only comparable between different treatments as long as the same definition for compliance was used for the calculation of the MDA.

With the MDA a new and intuitive outcome measure has become available to assess and compare treatment efficacy; it should be considered as the major outcome measure in future trials.

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Correspondence to Boris A. Stuck.

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Interessenkonflikt

B.A. Stuck hat finanzielle Unterstützung für Forschungsarbeiten sowie Berater- und Referentenhonorare von folgenden Firmen erhalten: Aspire Medical, Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, Celon AG Medical Instruments, Olympus, Sutter Medizintechnik, Fachlabor Dr. W. Klee, Neuwirth Medical Products, Philips Healthcare, Heinen&Löwenstein, Alaxo GmbH, Tomed Dr. Toussaint GmbH, MEDA Pharma Gmbh, Inspire Medical, 3NT Medical, PCI Biotech, Atos Medical und SnooZeal Ltd. M.J.L. Ravesloot gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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Stuck, B.A., Ravesloot, M.J.L. Die „mean disease alleviation“. Somnologie 21, 134–139 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-017-0107-7

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