Abstract
In recent years, with the global climate change, the intensity, frequency and duration of drought have increased significantly, which has become the main limiting factor for agricultural development in many areas. Glycine betaine (GB) is an effective stress-resistant substance. In this experiment, the effects of the genetic engineering of GB synthesis on photosynthetic apparatus of tobacco under drought stress were studied using transgenic tobacco (T) accumulating GB and wild-type tobacco (K326, WT). Potted tobaccos were subjected to drought stress (controlled irrigation, 25 °C ± 1 °C, a relative humidity: 75–80%) for 9 days, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll a fluorescence, structure of chloroplast and thylakoid membrane, and protein function of thylakoid membrane were examined under different drought stress time (days). The results showed that T tobacco could accumulate GB and the accumulated GB improved the resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus to drought stress. Under drought stress, the damage of chloroplast and thylakoid lamellae in T tobacco was less than that in WT tobacco, the accumulation of GB in T tobacco could maintain the stability of thylakoid membrane, improved the unsaturated fatty acid index (IUFA) of thylakoid membrane lipid, increased the contents of digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and decreased the ratio of monogalactosyl diaylglycerol (MGDG) to DGDG. In addition, under drought stress, the accumulation of GB in T tobacco alleviated the photo-inhibition of PSII, and the increase of xanthophyll cycle de-epoxidation may be one of the reasons for the enhancement of PSII function.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Youth Research Fund of the Shandong Institute of Pomology (2018KY07) and the earmarked fund for the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-27).
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GPW and XHY conceived and designed the experiments; GPW, XMX, RC and XPH performed the experiments; GPW analyzed the data; GPW, XMX and XHY, contributed the reagents, materials, and analysis tools; GPW wrote the paper.
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Wang, GP., Xue, XM., Yang, Xh. et al. The genetic engineering of glycine betaine synthesis in tobacco improves the resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus to drought stress. Plant Biotechnol Rep 16, 229–242 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-022-00747-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-022-00747-z