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Novel silicatein-like protein for biosilica production from Amphimedon queenslandica and its use in osteogenic composite fabrication

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Abstract

Efforts to find sustainable and eco-friendly ways to conduct chemical reactions have led to the mimicking of nature. In this study, a new silica polymerization protein that can produce silica in an environmentally friendly manner was developed using cathepsin L-like protein (AqCtL) from Amphimedon queenslandica with a 61% sequence identity to that of silicatein-alpha, which is a natural biosilicifying enzyme. To stabilize the protein structure, heterologously expressed AqCtL in Escherichia coli was mutated into AqCtLSN by changing the amino acid residues responsible for protease cleavage. The insoluble form of AqCtLSN was reconstituted into a soluble protein through the refolding process, displaying silica-condensing activity from silicic acid. AqCtLSN self-assembled, aggregated, and attached to a support in the PBS buffer without losing silica deposition activity. These properties were applied to fabricate a silica-hybrid material using a gelatin-tyramine-alginate cross-linked hydrogel as a scaffold. FT-IR analysis revealed that a silica hybrid material was produced owing to the in situ silicification by AqCtLSN immobilized on the hydrogel. The surface of biosilica mediated by AqCtLSN demonstrated an increase in cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium mineral precipitation in the osteogenesis of MC3T3 E1 cells compared to those without biosilica. In conclusion, AqCtLSN, recombinantly expressed in E. coli, is a novel biosilica-forming protein that can be used to produce composites for biomedical applications, especially bone regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1A5A8032895, NRF-2021R1A2C2011564). This work was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea Ministry of Education (NRF-2021 R1I1A3046565). This work was also supported by Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through Project to develop eco-friendly new materials and processing technology derived from wildlife, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) (RE202101398).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Korea

    Mi-Ran Ki, Ki Sung Park, Mohamed A. A. Abdelhamid & Seung Pil Pack

  2. Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Korea

    Mi-Ran Ki

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt

    Mohamed A. A. Abdelhamid

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  1. Mi-Ran Ki
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Correspondence to Seung Pil Pack.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Ki, MR., Park, K.S., Abdelhamid, M.A.A. et al. Novel silicatein-like protein for biosilica production from Amphimedon queenslandica and its use in osteogenic composite fabrication. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40, 419–428 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1314-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1314-x

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