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Experimental study on thermo-hydraulic performance of nanofluids in diverse axial ratio elliptical tubes with a built-in turbulator

  • Transport Phenomena
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Abstract

Due to the low heat transfer efficiency of common heat exchange systems, an improved heat exchange system was developed. Enhanced tubes (elliptical tubes with a built-in turbulator) instead of a smooth tube were used and TiO2-water nanofluids were substituted for water to intensify the heat transfer. The influences of turbulator (presence or absence), axial ratios of elliptical tubes (Z=1.235, 1.471, 1.706), nanoparticle concentration (ω=0.0 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt%), and Reynolds number (Re=400–12,000) on the flow and heat transfer properties of TiO2-water nanofluids were studied. Thermal and exergy efficiency were used to research the comprehensive thermo-hydraulic characteristics of these heat transfer enhancement technologies. The thermo-hydraulic properties of nanofluids all showed an increasing trend with the growing axial ratio, nanoparticle concentration and Reynolds number. Nanofluids (ω=0.5 wt%) in an elliptical tube (Z=1.706) with a built-in turbulator showed the best thermal performance, which could be increased by 33.8% in comparison with water at best. The thermal efficiency index increased first and then decreased with the Re. Nanofluids in elliptical tubes with a built-in turbulator can clearly promote heat transfer under the identical condition.

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Abbreviations

a:

radius of the long axis [mm]

b:

radius of the short axis [mm]

c p :

heat volume of fluid [J·kg−1·K−1]

de :

equivalent diameter [m]

f:

frictional resistance coefficient

h:

convective heat transfer coefficient [W·m−2I·K−1]

H:

width of turbulator [mm]

I:

electric current [A]

k:

thermal conductivity of tube [W·m−1·K−1]

L:

length [m]

Nu:

Nusselt number

P:

element length of tabulator [mm]

Δp/Δl :

pressure drop per unit length [Pa·m−1]

Q:

heat exchange amount [J]

Qj :

heating power of DC power [J]

Qje :

effective heating power of DC power [J]

Qloss :

heatloss[J]

Qr :

heat absorbed by nanofluids [J]

qm :

mass flow rate [kg·s−1]

U:

voltage [V]

r:

radius [m]

Re:

Reynolds number

T:

temperature [K]

u:

velocity [m·s−1]

Z:

axial ratios

δ :

thickness [m]

η :

thermalefficiencyindex

λ f :

thermal conductivity of fluid [W·m−1·K−1]

μnf :

dynamic viscosity [Pa·s]

ρ :

density of fluid [kg·m−3]

ω :

mass fraction [%]

bf:

base fluid

in:

import

nf:

nanofluids

out:

outport

w:

wall

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Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20181359).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Energy Storage Technology and Equipment, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Cong Qi, Tiantian Chen, Yuxing Wang & Liyuan Yang

  2. School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Cong Qi, Tiantian Chen, Yuxing Wang & Liyuan Yang

Authors
  1. Cong Qi
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  2. Tiantian Chen
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  3. Yuxing Wang
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  4. Liyuan Yang
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Correspondence to Cong Qi.

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Qi, C., Chen, T., Wang, Y. et al. Experimental study on thermo-hydraulic performance of nanofluids in diverse axial ratio elliptical tubes with a built-in turbulator. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 37, 1466–1481 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-020-0566-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-020-0566-6

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