Abstract
Arbutine has been used as skin whitening agent in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The objective of this study was to precipitate arbutine micro-particles using a supercritical anti-solvent. Ethanol and supercritical CO2 were used as solvent and anti-solvent, respectively, under various conditions. The effects of pressure, temperature and solution flow rate on the particles were studied. The particle size and morphology were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. Nihei and I. Kubo, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 13, 2409 (2003).
K. Maeda and M. Fukuda, J. Pharm. Exp. Therap., 276, 765 (1996).
M. Perrut, J. Jung and F. Leboeuf, Int. J. Pharm., 288, 3 (2005).
D. R. Hastings and J. A. Hendricks, US Patent 89/416855 (1989).
P. G. Debenedetti, G. B. Lim and R. K. Prud’Homme, European Patent 0542314 (1992).
S. D. Yeo, G. B. Lim, P.G. Debenedetti and H. Bernstein, Biotech. Bioeng., 41, 341 (1993).
W. J. Schmitt, M. C. Salada, G. G. Shook and S. M. Speaker, AIChE J., 41, 2476 (1995).
R. Thiering, F. Dehghani, A. Dillow and N. R. Foster, J. Chem. Tech. Biotech., 75, 29 (2000).
E. Reverchon, G. Della Porta and M. G. Failvene, J. Supercritical Fluids, 17, 239 (2000).
D. Amaro-Gonzalez, G. Mabe, M. Zabaloy and E. A. Bringnole, J. Supercritical Fluids, 17, 249 (2000).
S. W. Choi, K. Oh and H. Kim, Clean Technology, 10, 215 (2004).
G. Li, J. Chu, E. S. Shog, K. H. Row, K. H. Lee and Y. W. Lee, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23, 482 (2006).
M. Y. Kim, K. P. Yoo and J. S. Lim, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24, 860 (2007).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, C.I., Shin, M.S. & Kim, H. Micronization of arbutine using supercritical anti-solvent. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 25, 581–584 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-008-0098-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-008-0098-y