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Effects of Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation on Outdoor- and Indoor-Cultured Prorocentrum lima, a Toxic Benthic Dinoflagellate

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Abstract

The effects of different types of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR, wavelength=280–400 nm) and light intensities on cell growth, pigment composition, UV-absorbing compounds (UVACs), and chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence were studied in dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima cultured outdoors for 16 days and indoors for 18 days. In the outdoor experiment, UVA radiation (320–400 nm) increased the growth rate of this dinoflagellate when solar light intensities were < 12%; decreased growth rates were observed when intensities were> 12%. Exposure to UVB radiation (280–320nm) alleviated the negative effects of UVA. In the indoor experiment, UVA and low doses of UVB enhanced growth rates. Addition of low doses of UVB to UVA exposure resulted in higher contents of Chl a and photoprotective pigments compared with UVA exposure only. The results of both experiments showed that UVB is the primary signal of UVAC synthesis. High-dose UVB exposure accelerated growth rates when UVAC contents were maintained at high levels, suggesting that the latter plays a key role in UVR damage protection. Furthermore, the repair rate was enhanced by UVB exposure after 16 days of culture. This study confirms the positive effects of UVA and UVB on the growth of P. lima, with the latter enhancing the photoprotective and recovery pathways of the species.

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Abbreviations

UV:

Ultraviolet

UVA:

ultraviolet A

UVB:

ultraviolet B

UVR:

Ultraviolet radiation

PAR:

photosynthetically active radiation

PA:

PAR photosynthetically active radiation with ultraviolet A

PAB:

photosynthetically active radiation with ultraviolet A and B

PALB:

photosynthetically active radiation with ultraviolet A and low B

PAHB:

photosynthetically active radiation with ultraviolet A and high B

Chl a :

chlorophyll a

Chl c2:

chlorophyll c2

UVAC:

ultraviolet-absorping compound

NPQ:

non-photochemical quenching

MAAs:

mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs)

Y’:

photochemical efficiency

ERCs:

exposure-response curves

k :

damage rate

r :

repair rate

Diato:

diatoxanthin

Diadino:

Diadinoxanthin

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41706126, 41876173 and 41606176).

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  1. The two authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510362, China

    Heng Chen, Kaixuan Huang, Shasha Liu & Songhui Lu

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  1. Heng Chen
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  2. Kaixuan Huang
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  4. Songhui Lu
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Correspondence to Songhui Lu.

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Chen, H., Huang, K., Liu, S. et al. Effects of Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation on Outdoor- and Indoor-Cultured Prorocentrum lima, a Toxic Benthic Dinoflagellate. J. Ocean Univ. China 20, 619–628 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-021-4560-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-021-4560-3

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