Abstract
Totally more than 500 yeast strains were isolated from seawater, sea sediments, mud of sea salterns, marine fish guts and marine algae. The results of routine and molecular biology identification methods show that nine strains among these marine yeasts belong to Aureobasidium pullulans, although the morphologies of their colonies are very different. The marine yeasts isolated from different marine environments indicate that A. pullulans is widely distributed in different environmental conditions. These Aureobasidium pullulans strains include A. pullulans 4#2, A. pullulans N13d, A. pullulans HN3-11, A. pullulans HN2-3, A. pullulans JHSc, A. pullulans HN4.7, A. pullulans HN5.3, A. pullulans HN6.2 and A. pullulans W13a. A. pullulans 4#2 could produce cellulase and single cell protein. A. pullulans N13d could produce protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase. Both A. pullulans HN3-11 and A. pullulans HN2-3 were able to produce protease, lipase and cellulase. A. pullulans JHSc could secrete cellulase and killer toxin. Both A. pullulans HN4.7 and A. pullulans HN5.3 could yield lipase and cellulase. A. pullulans W13a was able to secrete extracellular amylase and cellulase while A. pullulans HN4.7 and A. pullulans N13d could produce siderophores. This means that different A. pullulans strains from different marine environments have different physiological characteristics, which may be applied in many different biotechnological industries.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ajello, L., 1977. The black yeasts as disease agents: historical perspective. PAHO, 324: 9–16.
Atkin, C., Neilands, J., and Phaff, H., 1970. Rhodotorulic acid from species of Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Sporodiobolus, and Sporobolomyces and a new alaninecon taining ferrichrome from Cryptcoccus melibiosum. J. Bacteriol., 103: 722–733.
Bencheqroun, S. K., Bajji, M., Massart, S., Labhilili, M., Jaafari, S. E., and Jijakli, M. H., 2007. In vitro and in situ study of postharvest apple blue mold biocontrol by Aureobasidium pullulans: Evidence for the involvement of competition for nutrients. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 46(2): 128–135.
Calvente, V., de Orellano, M. E., Sansone, G., Benuzzi, D., Isabel, M., and Sanz de Tosetti, S. D., 2001. A simple agar plate assay for screening siderophore producer yeasts. J. Microbiol. Methods, 47(3): 273–279.
Chi, Z. M., Ma, C. L., Wang, P., and Li, H. F., 2007. Optimization of medium and cultivation conditions for alkaline protease production by the marine yeast Aureobasidium pullulans. Bioresour. Technol., 98(3): 534–538.
de Hoog, G. S., 1993. Evolution of black yeasts: possible adaption to the human host. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 63: 105–109.
Domsh, K. H., Gaams, W., and Anderson, T. H., 1980. Compendium of Soil Fungi. Academic Press, London, 130–134.
Duan, X. H., Chi, Z. M., Li, H. F., and Gao, L. M., 2007. High pullulan yield is related to low UDP-glucose level and high pullulan-related synthases activity in Aureobasidium pullulans Y68. Ann. Microbiol., 57: 243–248
Felsenstein, J., 1995. PHYLIP (Phylogenetic Inference Package), Version 3.75. Distributed by author, Department of Genetics, University of Washinton, Seattle, WA.
Gao, L. M, Chi, Z. M., Sheng, J., Ni, X. M., and Wang, L., 2007. Single-cell protein production from Jerusalem artichoke extract by a recently isolated marine yeast Cryptococcus aureus G7a and its nutritive analysis. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 77: 825–832.
Gunde-Cimerman, N., Zalar, P., de Hoog, S., and Plemenitas, A., 2000. Hypersaline waters in salterns-natural ecological niches for halophilic black yeasts. FEMS Microbiol., 32(3): 235–240.
Haas, H., 2006. Molecular genetics of fungal siderophore biosynthesis and uptake: the role of siderophores in iron uptake and storage. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 62: 316–330.
Hasan, F., Shah, A. A., and Hameed, A., 2006. Industrial applications of microbial lipases. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 39(2): 235–251.
Hatzinikolaou, D. G., Kourentzi, E., Stamatis, H., Christakopoulos, P., Kolisis, F. N., Kekos, D., et al., 1999. A novel lipolytic activity of Rhodotorula glutinis cells: production, partial characterization and application in the synthesis of esters. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 88(1): 53–56.
Kimura, M., 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies on nucleotide sequences. J. Mol. Evol., 2: 87–90.
Kudanga, T., and Mwenje, E., 2005. Extracellular cellulase production by tropical isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans. Microbiology, 51: 773–776.
Kurtzman, C. P., and Fell, J. W., 2000. A taxonomic Study. In: The Yeasts. 4th revised and enlarged edition. Kurtzman, C. P., and Fell, J. W., eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam, Lausanne, New York, Oxford, Shannon, Singapore, Tokyo. 77–947.
Li, H. F., Chi, Z. M., Duan, X. H., Wang, L., Sheng, J., and Wu, L. F., 2007. Glucoamylase production by the marine yeast Aureobasidium pullulans N13d and hydrolysis of potato starch granules by the enzyme. Proc. Biochem., 42(3): 462–465.
Li J. F., and Chi, Z. M., 2004. Siderophores from marine microorganisms and their applications, J. Ocean Univ. China, 3: 40–47.
Liu, Z. Q., Chi, Z. M., Wang, L., and Li, J., 2008. Production, purification and characterization of an extracellular lipase from Aureobasidium pullulans HN2.3 with potential application for the hydrolysis of edible oils. Biochem. Engin. J., 40(3): 445–451.
Nagahama, T., 2006. Yeast biodiversity in freshwater, marine and deep-sea environments, In: The Yeast Handbook Biodiversity and Ecophysiology of Yeasts. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 241–262.
Strickland, J. D. H., and Parsons, T. R., 1972. Kjehldahl method with ninhydrin finish (low levels). In: A Partical Handbook of Seawater Analysis. Stevenson, J. C., ed., Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bull, 227–236.
Takeo, K., and de Hoog, G. S., 1991. Karyology and hyphal characters as taxonomic criteria in Ascomycetous black yeasts and related fungi. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 60: 35–42.
Tanaka, H., Okuno, T., Moriyama, S., Muguruma, M., and Ohta, K., 2004. Acidophilic xylanase from Aureobasidium pullulans: Efficient expression and secretion in Pichia pastoris and mutational analysis. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 98(5): 338–343.
Thompson, J. D., Gibson, T. J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F., and Higgins, D. G., 1997. The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res., 24: 4876–4882.
Wang, X. H., Chi, Z. M., Yue, L. X., Li, J., Li, M. J., and Wu, L. F., 2007. A marine killer yeast against the pathogenic yeast strain in crab (Portunus trituberculatus) and an optimization of the toxin production. Microbiol. Res., 162(1): 77–85.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, J., Liu, Z., Chi, Z. et al. Intraspecific diversity of Aureobasidium pullulans strains from different marine environments. J. Ocean Univ. China 8, 241–246 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-009-0241-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-009-0241-3