Abstract
The effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in the influent on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, together with the relationships between N2O and water quality parameters in free water surface constructed wetlands, were investigated with laboratoryscale systems. N2O emission and purification performance of wastewater were very strongly dependent on COD concentration in the influent, and the total N2O emission in the system with middle COD influent concentration was the least. The relationships between N2O and the chemical and physical water quality variables were studied by using principal component scores in multiple linear regression analysis to predict N2O flux. The multiple linear regression model against principal components indicated that different water parameters affected N2O flux with different COD concentrations in the influent, but nitrate nitrogen affected N2O flux in all systems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Garcia J, Aguirre P, Barragan J, Mujeriego R, Matamoros V, Bayona J M. Effect of key design parameters on the efficiency of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Ecological Engineering, 2005, 25(4):405–418
Luo W G, Wang S H, Huang J, Yan L, Huang J. Impact of photosynthesis and transpiration on nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China, 2007, 1(3):316–319
Klomjek P, Nitisoravut S. Constructed treatment wetland: A study of eight plant species under saline conditions. Chemosphere, 2005, 58(5):585–593
Zhang R S, Li G H, Zhou Q, Zhang X. Relationships between loading rates and nitrogen removal effectiveness in subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China, 2008, 2(1):89–93
Inamori R, Gui P, Dass P, Matsumura M, Xu K Q, Kondo T, Ebie Y, Inamori Y. Investigating CH4 and N2O emissions from ecoengineering wastewater treatment processes using constructed wetland microcosms. Process Biochemistry, 2007, 42(3):363–373
Tallec G, Garnier J, Billen G, Gousailles M. Nitrous oxide emissions from denitrifying activated sludge of urban wastewater treatment plants, under anoxia and low oxygenation. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(7):2200–2209
IPCC. Atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases. In: Houghton J T, ed. The Scientific Basis. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001, 239–287
Søvik A K, Kløve B. Emission of N2O and CH4 from a constructed wetland in southeastern Norway. Science of the Total Environment, 2007, 380(1):28–37
Bernet N, Dangcong P, Delgenes J P, Moletta R. Nitrification at low oxygen concentration in biofilm reactor. Journal of Environmental Energy, 2001, 127(3):266–271
Hynes R K, Knowles R. Production of nitrous oxide by Nitrosomonas europaea: Effects of acetylene, pH and oxygen. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 1984, 30(3):1397–1404
Thomas J G, Warren A K, Steven C W, Michael B M, Frederica W V, Stanley W W. Production of NO2 − and N2O by nitrifying bacteria at reduced concentration of oxygen. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 1980, 40(3):526–532
Wang Y H, Inamori R, Kong H N, Xu K Q, Inamori Y, Kondo T, Zhang J X. Nitrous oxide emission from polyculture constructed wetlands: Effect of plant species. Environmental Pollution, 2008, 152(2):351–360
Johansson A E, Kasimir K Å, Klemedtsson L, Svensson B H. Nitrous oxide exchanges with the atmosphere of a constructed wetland treating wastewater. Tellus B, 2003, 55(3):737–750
Teiter S, Mander Ü. Emission of N2O, N2, CH4 and CO2 from constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment and from riparian buffer zones. Ecological Engineering, 2005, 25(5):528–541
Zhang J B, Song C C, Yang W Y. Cold season CH4, CO2 and N2O fluxes from freshwater marshes in northeast China. Chemosphere, 2005, 59(11):1703–1705
Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Editorial Board. Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Beijing: Environmental Science Press of China, 2002, 200–281(in Chinese)
Saggar S, Hedley C B, Giltrap D L, Lambie S M. Measured and modelled estimates of nitrous oxide emission and methane consumption from a sheep-grazed pasture. Agricultural Ecosystems Environment, 2007, 122(3):357–365
Zhu R B, Sun L G, Ding W X. Nitrous oxide emissions from tundra soil and snowpack in the maritime Antarctic. Chemosphere, 2005, 59(11):1667–1675
Czepiel P, Crill P, Harriss R. Nitrous oxide emissions from municipal wastewater treatment. Environmental Science and Technology, 1995, 29(9):2352–2356
Hanaki K, Hong Z, Matsuo T. Production of nitrous-oxide gas during denitrification of waste-water. Water Science and Technology, 1992, 26: 1027–1036
Shrestha N K, Hadano S, Kamachi T, Okura I. Dinitrogen production from ammonia by Nitrosomonas europaea. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2002, 237 (1–2):33–39
Bonin P, Tamburini C, Michotey V. Determination of bacterial processes which are sources of nitrous oxide production in marine samples. Water Research, 2002(3), 36: 722–732
Itokawa H, Hanaki K, Matsuo T. Nitrous oxide production in highloading biological nitrogen removal process under low COD/N ratio condition. Water Research, 2001, 35(3):657–664
Knowles R. Denitrification. Microbiology Review, 1982, 46(1): 43–70
Stevens R J, Laughlin R J. Measurement of nitrous oxide and dinitrogen emissions from agricultural soils. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 1998, 52, (2-3):131–139
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wu, J., Zhang, J., Jia, W. et al. Relationships of nitrous oxide fluxes with water quality parameters in free water surface constructed wetlands. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China 3, 241–247 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-009-0023-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-009-0023-6