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Cassiterite beneficiation in China: A mini-review

中国锡石选矿概述

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Abstract

Tin is indispensable for the development of advanced technology and cassiterite is the only mineral of commercial importance, from which tin can be extracted economically. In the past two decades, tin reserves in China have experienced a rapid decline because of active mining activities; simultaneously, cassiterite beneficiation has been facing with the many dilemmas like lower tin-grade, finer grain size, and more complicated mineralogy. Therefore, a review has been made here to summarize the development and progress on the recovery of tin from natural resources and secondary resources in China by demonstrating a series of breakthroughs made in process flowsheet, gravity separation equipment, innovative flotation theories, fine particles flotation, new cassiterite collectors, and tin recycling technologies in recent years, which will doubtlessly contribute to increasing tin resource utilization rate and promoting sustainable development of tin industry whether in China or the world. As for the future, the research and development of fine or ultra-fine cassiterite gravity separation equipment, green and low lost cassiterite flotation reagent, as well as the reusing and recycling of tin from tin-containing secondary resources deserve more attention, which will encourage researchers to move forward.

摘要

锡是高新技术领域不可或缺的战略金属; 而锡石是目前最具有商业开采价值的矿物,从中可以 经济地提取锡。在过去20 年中,由于密集的采矿活动,中国的锡储量迅速下降; 与此同时,锡石选别 也面临着“贫、细、杂”等诸多难题。为此,本文从锡石选矿工艺流程、重选设备、微细粒浮选、新 型锡石捕收剂、创新浮选理论,以及再生锡回收技术等方面总结了我国近年在自然资源或二次资源回 收锡取得的系列突破,这无疑将有助于提高我国乃至世界锡资源的利用率。研究人员未来可以在细粒 或超细粒锡石重选设备、绿色且低成本锡石浮选药剂的研发,以及含锡二次资源中锡的再利用和回收 等方面继续开展深入研究,以促进锡行业的可持续发展。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Hao-dong Li  (李浩东), Cong-ren Yang  (杨聪仁), Zu-yuan Tian  (田祖源), Chang-fa Wu  (吴昌发) & Wen-qing Qin  (覃文庆)

  2. Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Cong-ren Yang  (杨聪仁) & Wen-qing Qin  (覃文庆)

Authors
  1. Hao-dong Li  (李浩东)
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  2. Cong-ren Yang  (杨聪仁)
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  3. Zu-yuan Tian  (田祖源)
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  4. Chang-fa Wu  (吴昌发)
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  5. Wen-qing Qin  (覃文庆)
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Contributions

LI Hao-dong provided investigation, formal analysis, visualization and writing-original draft preparation. YANG Cong-ren provided methodology, concept, writing-reviewing and editing, and data curation. TIAN Zu-yuan provided investigation, formal analysis, and resources. WU Chang-fa provided visualization and resources. QIN Wen-qing provided supervision, funding acquisition and writing-reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Wen-qing Qin  (覃文庆).

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Conflict of interest

LI Hao-dong, YANG Cong-ren, TIAN Zuyuan, WU Chang-fa, QIN Wen-qing declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Foundation item: Project(2018TP1002) supported by Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, China; Project supported by Co-Innovation Centre for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources, China

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Li, Hd., Yang, Cr., Tian, Zy. et al. Cassiterite beneficiation in China: A mini-review. J. Cent. South Univ. 30, 1–19 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-023-5245-4

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