Abstract
Massive Internet of Things (IoT) systems are one of the main drivers of new wireless standards. It’s necessary that IoT devices cost as little as possible, and to minimize energy consumption. In this paper, new solutions for an extended battery life of IoT devices are proposed. The new signal processing schemes, for massive IoT uplink communication, combine spatial modulation (SM), relaying, and virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques to improve energy efficiency, in the sense that more bits can be transmitted per same unit of time/energy/spectral resources. SM is particularly suitable because it allows indirect transmission of bits, i.e., it isn’t necessary to transmit them from antennas. The larger number of transmitting antennas at IoT device, of which only one is active, provides that more bits can be used for selecting active antenna. In this paper, the new uplink transmission schemes, that enable virtual multiple-input single-output (MISO)/space–time block codes (STBC) channels between IoT devices and radio access point (AP), are proposed. The simulation results show that it’s possible to find a compromise solution between bit error probability (BER) and the achieved energy savings, i.e., a network management in terms of energy and reliability can be implemented.
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