Abstract
The environmental heterogeneity of the biotopes that compound the mosaic of the rivers is essential for the development of the initial stages of fish life. In this sense, we evaluated the abundance and composition of ichthyoplankton community from different biotopes of the Ibicuí River and its relation with environmental variables, between October 2019 and January 2020. The ichthyoplankton sampling was performed in the Ibicuí River basin, in four biotopes: main river (Ibicuí River), tributary river (Ibirocá River), mouth and lake. Larvae from twenty-nine species were identified, including some threatened with extinction. Eggs and larvae were found in all biotopes, however eggs were more abundant in the main river and larvae in the lake. This last biotope was characterized by the greater presence of larvae in the post-flexion stage and sedentary species. The tributary river had a greater presence of larvae of migratory species. Eggs and yolk-sac larvae were positively correlated with the water speed and river width, while the most developed larvae were correlated with electrical conductivity and zooplankton. Our study revealed that the abundance and diversity of the ichthyoplankton were heterogeneously distributed among the biotopes, where hydrogeomorphological and limnological characteristics enable the emergence of distinct ichthyoplankton assemblages along the river gradient.
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Acknowledgements
To the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul for the infrastructure that allowed the execution of this study and to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) for the scientific initiation scholarship granted to the first author.
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Financial support was received from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) by grant number 565/GR/UFFS/2019.
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Rosalva Sulzbacher analysed the material in the laboratory and wrote the manuscript, Paula Betina Hartmann, Virian Coradini Brutti and Lucas Adriano Pachla assisted in the fieldwork and material screening, Marthoni Vinicius Massaro produced the map and revised the manuscript and David Augusto Reynalte-Tataje identified the larvae, analysed the data, reviewed the manuscript and supervised the project. We declare that all authors read and approved the final paper.
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This study is part of the project 534 entitled “Fish Ecology in the Middle Uruguay River” registered under collection license 55011-2 (Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade). Collection of plankton complied with Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Brazil animal welfare laws, guidelines and policies as approved by the ethics committee (CEUA) of this university under number 23.205.004977/2015-90.
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An abstract using the data of this article was published on the proceedings of the I Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Biológicas On-line, 2020. The title of this abstact is: Utilização de diferentes biótopos na reprodução de peixes do rio Ibicuí, médio rio Uruguai, RS/Brasil.
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Sulzbacher, R., Massaro, M.V., Brutti, V.C. et al. Importance of biotopes of a neotropical river for ichthyoplankton: patterns in biotope association, community structure and spatial distribution. Biologia 78, 2409–2422 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01372-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01372-z