Abstract
The effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Claroideoglomus claroideum on Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq. plants propagated by seeds or in vitro, and subsequently exposed to drought stress has been studied. Stress tolerance and yield stability are closely related to coping with oxidative stress, which occurs at prolonged water deprivation.The plants inoculated with Claroideoglomus claroideum were grown in well-watered and drought-stressed conditions. The parameters of the inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (root colonization, total and easy-extractable-glomalin-related soil proteins, acid and alkaline phosphatases in roots and soil) and antioxidant activity (enzyme and non-enzyme parameters) were evaluated. In the inoculation of in vitro and in vivo propagated Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq.with arbuscular mycorrizal fungi (AMF), an increase in the growth parameters, the activity of enzymes with antioxidant capacity and the content of total phenols and flavonoids and water- and lipid-soluble metabolites with antioxidant capacity were recorded compared with non inoculated plants. The results showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Claroideoglomus claroideum activate plants’ antioxidant system, leading to reduced oxidative stress damage. The reduction in oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and proline) content as a result of AMF inoculation was higher in adapted in vitro propagated plants compared to in vivo plants. The same trend is observed in drought stressed plants. When grown in water-deficient conditions, adapted micro-propagated plants showed higher plant growth parameters such as shoot height, root length, plant biomass, antioxidant activity, and lower levels of oxidative stress markers, suggesting that they are more resistant to drought than the individuals which were grown from seeds.
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Acknowledgements
This study was partially supported by a bilateral research project in the frame of the international scientific cooperation between the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and the National Research Centre – Egypt. The authors are thankful to Madlen Boychinova for the excellent technical assistance.
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statement: M.G. performed analyses on AR, AO, and flavonoid content, discussed results and wrote the paper draft. E.K. conducted the experiments, performed analyses on proline, H2O2, MDA, phenols discussed results, M.S. and I.S. performed SOD, CAT and POX analyses and discussed results. E.Z.determined percentage of colonization of Coleus forskohlii roots, discussed results. All authors worked on the paper draft and approved the final manuscript.
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Geneva, M., Kirova, E., Sichanova, M. et al. Physiological analysis of drought stress influenced by Claroideoglomus claroideum inoculation of in vitro or seed-propagated Coleus forskohlii Briq plants. Biologia 78, 641–654 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01231-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01231-3