Abstract
The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the important pests of grass pea, Lathyrus sativus L. (Fabaceae). Severe infestation by this aphid on grass pea plants retards plant growth and reduces seed yield. Therefore, it is obligatory to study the biology of A. craccivora by age-stage, two-sex approach and the probing behavior on the leaves of two grass pea cultivars [Nirmal B-1 (NIR) and BIO L 212 Ratan (BIO)]. A correlation analysis was performed to notice the relationship with the nutrients (total proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, and nitrogen) and antinutrients (total tannins, flavonols, and phenols) of leaves and the life table parameters of A. craccivora. Eighteen free amino acids (FAAs) were detected and estimated in leaves by GC-MS and GC-FID, respectively, and glutamic acid was predominant. The amount of FAAs was higher in NIR than BIO. The preadult duration of A. craccivora was shorter on NIR (9.46 ± 0.13 days) than BIO (10.51 ± 0.16 days), while adults lived longer on NIR (16.07 ± 0.22 days) than BIO (14.01 ± 0.20 days). Higher fecundity, intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and net reproductive rate (R0) of A. craccivora in NIR were influenced by greater quantities of nutrients and lower quantities of antinutrients in NIR than BIO. FAAs showed positive relation with mean time spent probing by A. craccivora, and this was higher in NIR than BIO. This study suggested that partially resistant BIO cultivar could be encouraged for cultivation.
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Acknowledgements
We thank anonymous reviewers for many helpful suggestions of an earlier version of the manuscript. We are thankful to Prof. Samiran Chakrabarti, ex-Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal for authenticating the insect.
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The financial assistance from the DST-SERB, New Delhi, Govt. of India to Anandamay Barik [EEQ/2017/000018] is gratefully acknowledged. We thank to DST PURSE Phase-II for providing necessary instrumental facilities.
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AMB and PM conceived and designed the research. PM, RD, and SM conducted the experiments. PM analysed the data. RD made Figures. AMB wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Mitra, P., Debnath, R., Mitra, S. et al. Life history traits and probing behavior of Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Lathyrus sativus. Biologia 77, 3485–3499 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01216-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01216-2