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Maternal Plane of Nutrition During Late-Gestation and Weaning Age Alter Steer Calf Longissimus Muscle Adipogenic MicroRNA and Target Gene Expression

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Lipids

Abstract

The main objective was to evaluate if different planes of maternal nutrition during late gestation and weaning age alter microRNA (miRNA) and target gene expression in offspring longissimus muscle (LM). Early (EW) and normal weaned (NW) Angus × Simmental calves (n = 30) born to cows that were grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue and red clover pastures with no supplement [low plane of nutrition (LPN)], or supplemented with 2.3 and 9.1 kg of dried distiller’s grains with solubles and soy hulls [medium and high plane of nutrition (MPN, HPN), respectively] during the last 105 ± 11 days of gestation were used. Biopsies of LM were harvested at 78 (early weaning), 187 (normal weaning) and 354 days of age. Results indicate a role of pro-adipogenic miRNA in the control of adipogenesis in LM of NW-MPN steers between 78 and 187 days of age through upregulation of (1) miR-103 which inhibits CAV1, a protein that destabilizes INSR and leads to insulin resistance; (2) miR-143 which inhibits DLK1, a protein that inhibits adipocyte differentiation; and (3) miR-21 which impairs TGFBR2-induced inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. Among the studied anti-adipogenic miRNA, cow plane of nutrition resulted in downregulation of miR-34a expression in MPN steers compared with HPN and LPN at 78 days of age. Data for miR-34a provided a potential sign of epigenetic regulation of LM in beef offspring due to the cow plane of nutrition during late gestation.

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Abbreviations

ADIPOQ:

Adiponectin

ADG:

Average daily gain

CAV1:

Caveolin 1

C/EBPA:

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha

C/EBPB:

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta

C/EBPD:

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), delta

CREB:

cAMP response element binding protein

DLK1:

Delta-like 1 homolog

DM:

Dry matter

DMI:

Dry matter intake

ERK1/2:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3

EW:

Early wean(ed)

FABP4:

Fatty acid binding protein 4

G0S2:

G0/G1 switch 2

hASC:

Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells

HPN:

High plane of nutrition

IL-6:

Interleukin 6

INSR:

Insulin receptor

KLF5:

Kruppel-like factor 5

LM:

Longissimus muscle

LPN:

Low plane of nutrition

MAPK1:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1

miRNA:

MicroRNA

miR-16b:

MicroRNA 16a

miR-let-7a:

MicroRNA let7a

miR-181a:

MicroRNA 181a

miR-103:

MicroRNA 103

miR-143:

MicroRNA 143

miR-21-5p:

MicroRNA 21-5p

miR-378:

MicroRNA 378

miR-27a/b:

MicroRNA 27a/b

miR-130a:

MicroRNA 130a

miR-34a:

MicroRNA 34a

miR-369-5p:

MicroRNA 369-5p

miR-448:

MicroRNA 448

MPN:

Medium plane of nutrition

MSTN:

Myostatin

MTG1:

Mitochondrial ribosome-associated GTPase 1

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells

NW:

Normal wean(ed)

PANK:

Pantothenate kinase

PDCD4:

Programmed cell death 4

PGC-1β:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 beta

PPARG:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

PTEN:

Phosphatase and tensin homolog

qPCR:

Quantitative RT-PCR

RPS15A:

Ribosomal protein S15a

SIRT1:

Sirtuin 1

SLC2A4:

Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4

SREBP:

Sterol responsive element binding protein

STAT3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

TGFBR2:

Transforming growth factor, beta receptor II

TNF:

Tumor necrosis alpha

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis alpha

TP53:

Tumor protein p53

UTR:

Untranslated region

UXT:

Ubiquitously-expressed

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the help from J. Segers, T. B. Wilson and L. Shoup at the time of collecting tissue samples, as well as the rest of the staff at the University of Illinois Beef and Sheep Field Laboratory for animal handling and care. Supported in part by a competitive grant from the “Division of Nutritional Sciences: Vision 20/20’’ (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) interdisciplinary nutrition-related research program. Project # ILLU-971-352 (National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA

    Sonia J. Moisá & Juan J. Loor

  2. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA

    Daniel W. Shike, Lindsay Shoup & Juan J. Loor

  3. Division of Nutritional Sciences, Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA

    Juan J. Loor

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  1. Sonia J. Moisá
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Correspondence to Juan J. Loor.

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Moisá, S.J., Shike, D.W., Shoup, L. et al. Maternal Plane of Nutrition During Late-Gestation and Weaning Age Alter Steer Calf Longissimus Muscle Adipogenic MicroRNA and Target Gene Expression. Lipids 51, 123–138 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-015-4092-y

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