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Effect of 18∶1n−9, 20∶5n−3, and 22∶6n−3 on lipid accumulation and secretion by atlantic salmon hepatocytes

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Lipids

Abstract

We have studied the effects of dietary FA on the accumulation and secretion of [3H]glycerolipids by salmon hepatocytes in culture. Atlantic salmon were fed diets supplemented with either 100% soybean oil (SO) or 100% fish oil (FO), and grew from an initial weight of 113±5 g to a final weight of 338 ±19 g. Hepatocytes were isolated from both dietary groups and incubated with [3H]glycerol in an FA-free medium; a medium supplemented with 0.75 mM of one of three FA—18∶1n−9, 20∶5n−3, or 22∶6n−3—or a medium supplemented with 0.75 mM of the sulfur-substituted FA analog tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA), which cannot undergo β-oxidation. Incubations were allowed to proceed for 1,2,6, or 24 h. The rate of the secretion of radioactive glycerolipids with no FA added was 36% lower from hepatocytes isolated from fish fed the FO diet than it was from hepatocytes isolated from fish fed the SO diet. Hepatocytes incubated with 18∶1n−9 secreted more [3H]TAG than when incubated with no FA, whereas hepatocytes incubated with 20∶5n−3 or TTA secreted less labeled TAG than when incubated with no FA. This observation was independent of the feeding group. Hepatocytes incubated with 22∶6n−3 secreted the highest amounts of total [3H]glycerolipids compared with the other treatments, owing to increased secretion of phospholipids and mono- and diacylglycerols (MDG). In contrast, the same amounts of [3H]TAG were secreted from these cells as from cells incubated in an FA-free medium. The lipid-lowering effect of FO is thus independent of 22∶6n−3, showing that 20∶5n−3 is the FA that is responsible for the lipid-lowering effect. The ratio of TAG to MDG in lipids secreted from hepatocytes to which 20∶5n−3 or TTA had been added was lower than that in lipids secreted from hepatocytes incubated with 18∶1n−9 or 22∶6n−3, suggesting that the last step in TAG synthesis was inhibited. Morphometric measurements revealed that hepatocytes incubated with 20∶5n−3 accumulated significantly more cellular lipid than cells treated with 18∶1n−9, 22∶6n−3, TTA, or no treatment. The area occupied by mitochondria was also greater in these cells. The present study shows that dietary FO reduces TAG secretion from salmon hepatocytes and that 20∶5n−3 mediates this effect.

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Abbreviations

DGAT:

diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.20)

FO:

fish oil

MDG:

mono- and diacylglycerol

PL:

phospholipid

SO:

soybean oil

TTA:

tetradecylthioacetic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway

    T. Gjøen

  2. Department of Clinical Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, NO-5021, Bergen, Norway

    R. K. Berge

  3. AKVAFORSK, Institute of Aquaculture Research, P.O. Box 5010, NO-1432, Ås, Norway

    A. Vegusdal, M. S. Thomassen & B. Ruyter

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  1. A. Vegusdal
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  2. T. Gjøen
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  3. R. K. Berge
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Correspondence to A. Vegusdal.

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Vegusdal, A., Gjøen, T., Berge, R.K. et al. Effect of 18∶1n−9, 20∶5n−3, and 22∶6n−3 on lipid accumulation and secretion by atlantic salmon hepatocytes. Lipids 40, 477–486 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-005-1407-z

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