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Comparative Characteristics of the Fatty-Acid Composition of Lipids in Factory and Wild Juveniles of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar L.

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Abstract

Differences between factory and wild juvenile salmons (fingerlings at the 0+ age and 1+ parrs) in the content of physiologically significant fatty acids and their ratios are shown. Factory juveniles (age 0+ and 1+) have a very low content of physiologically significant 18:3n-3 and 20:4n-6 fatty acids when compared with wild individuals, whereas relatively high amounts of 22:6n-3 (age 0+) and 18:2n-6 fatty acids (age 1+) were noted. Simultaneously, the factory juveniles (age 0+ and 1+) differ from wild juveniles in a lower ratio of 18:3n-3/18:2n-6 essential fatty acids (by 7.9 and 6.4 times, respectively). The ratio of total polyunsaturated n-3/n-6 fatty acids is reliably equal in wild and factory fingerlings (age 0+), whereas it is 2 times lower in parrs than in factory fish. A relatively high content of oleic 18:1n-9 fatty acid and minor 20:1n-9, 22:1n-11 fatty acids are found in the factory juveniles, but the level of saturated fatty acids decreases due to 16:0 and 18:0. The high metabolic rate of fatty-acid metabolism in wild juveniles is evidenced by a higher ratio of 16:0/18:1n-9 compared to that in the factory fish (1.50 and 1.47 vs 0.84 and 0.46 for fingerlings (age 0+) and parrs (age 1+), respectively). The lower metabolic rate of fatty acid metabolism in factory juveniles, especially for parrs (age 1+), is accompanied by a high accumulation of their body mass (in fourfold) when compared with wild individuals of the same age.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to Dr. Prof. A.V. Veselov and Cand. Sci. (Biol.) D.A. Efremov for collecting samples of Atlantic salmon in the Varzuga River (Kola Peninsula, White Sea basin).

Funding

This work was carried out as part of project of the Russian Science Foundation no. 14-24-00102 (expeditionary work on collecting samples of wild juvenile Atlantic salmon) and no. 19-14-00081 (biochemical analysis).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910, Petrozavodsk, Russia

    Z. A. Nefedova, S. A. Murzina, S. N. Pekkoeva, V. P. Voronin & N. N. Nemova

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  1. Z. A. Nefedova
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  2. S. A. Murzina
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  3. S. N. Pekkoeva
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  4. V. P. Voronin
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  5. N. N. Nemova
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Correspondence to S. A. Murzina.

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Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Translated by M. Shulskaya

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Nefedova, Z.A., Murzina, S.A., Pekkoeva, S.N. et al. Comparative Characteristics of the Fatty-Acid Composition of Lipids in Factory and Wild Juveniles of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar L.. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 13, 156–161 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425520020109

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