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Positional distribution of highly unsaturated fatty acids in triacyl-sn-glycerols of Artemia nauplii enriched with docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester

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Lipids

Abstract

This paper presents the positional distribution of fatty acids in triacyl-sn-glycerols (TAG) of Artemia nauplii used in aquaculture as a live food for marine fish larvae. The nauplii were enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ethyl ester (EE) in the form of gelatin-acacia microcapsules for 4, 18, and 24 h. TAG of the initial, enriched, and unenriched Artemia nauplii were subjected to stereospecific analysis. A remarkable increase of DHA content in the enriched Artemia TAG confirmed the view that DHA-EE is effectively assimilated and incorporated into the TAG fraction of Artemia nauplii. TAG of the nauplii enriched with 25 mg/L of DHA-EE contained DHA at concentrations of 5.9–6.8, 4.3–6.0, and 14.3–22.3 mol% in the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, respectively. When the nauplii were enriched with 100 mg/L of DHA-EE, proportions of DHA in the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions were 5.2–8.6, 3.9–6.0, and 12.2–25.4 mol%, respectively. In all of the enriched Artemia, DHA was preferentially located in the sn-3 position followed in sequence by the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. The lower content of DHA in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions was consistent with low content of this acid in 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerophospholipids. When fish larvae are reared on Artemia nauplii enriched with LL-type DHA oil, the larvae feed on DHA esterified in TAG with a positional distribution pattern similar to that of marine mammals (sn-3≫sn-1>sn-2) rather than that of fish or marine invertebrates (sn-2≫sn-3>sn-1).

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Abbreviations

DHA:

docosahexaenoic acid

EE:

ethyl ester

EPA:

eicosapentaenoic acid

HPLC:

high-performance liquid chromatography

HUFA:

highly unsaturated fatty acids

MAG:

monoacyl-sn-glycerols

PC:

phosphatidylcholines

PE:

phosphatidylethanolamines

TAG:

triacyl-sn-glycerols

TL:

total lipids

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Bioresources Chemistry, Division of Marine Biosciences, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 041-8611, Hakodate, Japan

    Yasuhiro Ando & Yoshiaki Oomi

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  1. Yasuhiro Ando
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  2. Yoshiaki Oomi
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Correspondence to Yasuhiro Ando.

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Ando, Y., Oomi, Y. Positional distribution of highly unsaturated fatty acids in triacyl-sn-glycerols of Artemia nauplii enriched with docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester. Lipids 36, 733–740 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-001-0779-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-001-0779-4

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