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Modulation of arachidonate and docosahexaenoate in Morone chrysops larval tissues and the effect on growth and survival

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Lipids

Abstract

The extent to which extreme dietary levels of arachidonate (AA) and/pr docosahexaenoate (DHA) modulate lipid composition in the body tissues and consequently affect growth and survival in freshwater Morone larvae species was examined. White bass, M. chrysops, larvae (day 24–46) were fed Artemia nauplii enriched with algal oils containing varying proportions of AA and DHA (from 0 to over 20% the total fatty acids). Growth was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in larvae fed a DHA-deficient Artemia diet. Increases in dietary levels of AA also were associated with a significant growth reduction. However, the inhibitory effect of AA on larvae growth could be suppressed by the dietary addition of DHA (at a level of 21.6% of the total fatty acids in enrichment lipids). Larval brain+eyes tissue accumulated over 10 times more DHA than AA in its structural lipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine) at any dietary ratio. In contrast, DHA accumulation, as compared to AA, in gill lipids declined considerably at higher than 10∶1 DHA/AA tissue ratios. DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) contents in brain+eyes tissue were most sensitive to competition from dietary AA, being displaced from the tissue at rates of 0.36±0.07 mg DHA and 0.46±0.11 mg EPA per mg increase in tissue AA, and 0.55±0.14 mg AA per mg increase in tissue DHA. On the other hand, AA and EPA levels in gill tissue were most sensitive to dietary changes in DHA levels; AA was displaced at rates of 0.37±0.11 mg, whereas EPA increased at rates of 0.68±0.28 mg per mg increase in tissue DHA. Results suggest that balanced dietary DHA/AA ratios (that allow DHA/AA ratios of 2.5∶1 in brain+eyes tissue) promote a high larval growth rate, which also correlates with maximal regulatory response in tissue essential fatty acids.

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Abbreviations

AA:

arachidonic acid

DHA:

docosahexaenoic acid

DPA:

docosapentaenoic acid (22∶5n−3)

EFA:

essential fatty acids

EPA:

ereosapentaenoic acid

HUFA:

highly unsaturated fatty acids

PC:

phosphatidylcholine

PE:

phosphatidylethanolamine

PI:

phosphatidylinositol

PS:

phosphatidylserine

psu:

practical salinity units

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acids

TAG:

triacylglycerols

UV:

ultraviolet

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland, 701 East Pratt St., 21202, Baltimore, MD

    Moti Harel, Eric Lund, Sonja Gavasso, Ryan Herbert & Allen R. Place

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  1. Moti Harel
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  2. Eric Lund
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  3. Sonja Gavasso
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  5. Allen R. Place
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Correspondence to Moti Harel.

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Harel, M., Lund, E., Gavasso, S. et al. Modulation of arachidonate and docosahexaenoate in Morone chrysops larval tissues and the effect on growth and survival. Lipids 35, 1269–1280 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-000-0643-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-000-0643-6

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