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Alleviative effects of ferrous sulfate on arsenic toxicity in Lens culinaris Medik. by enhancing iron plaque formation on roots

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Abstract

Arsenic contamination is a serious environmental concern in Indo-Gangetic Plains of West Bengal, India and Bangladesh. Productivity of Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) is severely affected in this region due to use of contaminated groundwater for irrigation purpose. Precipitation of iron oxides or hydroxides on root surfaces in form of iron plaque is observed as a response to arsenic toxicity in Lentils. Present study was constructed to elucidate the significance of the iron plaque in Lentils (cv. WBL-77) and to find out a possible way to ameliorate arsenic toxicity by inducing iron plaque formation. Lentil seeds were allowed for germination on different concentrations of arsenate, one set of which was supplemented with ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). The supplementation effectively triggered iron plaque formation on emerging radicles and significantly enhanced the rate of successful shoot development. The morphological, physiological and biochemical attributes depicted that the toxic effects of arsenic were considerably less pronounced in those seedlings compared to the set without FeSO4 supplementation. Initially formed surficial plaque was removed from another set of seedlings that significantly restricted their further growth and development compared to the iron plaque containing seedlings. Moreover, arsenic content was higher in iron plaque than the roots and shoots, indicating that the surficial iron plaque attenuated the toxic effects of arsenic by immobilizing and sequestering them. Therefore, FeSO4 alleviated the toxic effects of arsenic in lentils by enhancing the iron plaque formation. The study propounds that FeSO4 supplementation can be an effective measure for stabilization of arsenic in contaminated regions.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to The Principal, Darjeeling Government College for providing necessary infrastructural facilities to perform the experimental works.

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  1. Souvik Mitra

    Present address: Department of Botany, Taki Government College, North 24 Parganas, Taki, West Bengal, 743429, India

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  1. Postgraduate Department of Botany, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734101, India

    Souvik Mitra & Sarda Subba

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Correspondence to Souvik Mitra.

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Mitra, S., Subba, S. Alleviative effects of ferrous sulfate on arsenic toxicity in Lens culinaris Medik. by enhancing iron plaque formation on roots. Acta Physiol Plant 44, 126 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-022-03467-7

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