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Subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Co2+ in three barley genotypes under different Co2+ levels

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Abstract

The toxicity of many heavy metals in plants is closely associated with its subcellular distribution and chemical forms. The subcellular distribution and chemical forms of cobalt (Co2+) were investigated using 3 barley genotypes differing in Co2+ toxicity resistance, namely Yan66 (resistant), Ea 52 (sensitive), and Humai 4 (moderate), under two Co2+ levels (25 and 100 µM). Higher Co2+ level in cultural solution significantly increased Co2+ accumulation in all subcellular fractions, with vacuole and cell wall having higher concentration. In comparison with 25 µM Co2+, 100 µM Co2+ treatment caused significant increase of Co2+ concentration in the forms of F-NaCl (extracted with 1 M NaCl), F-Ac (extracted with 2% HAc), F-HCl (extracted by 0.6 M HCl), and F-residue (residue forms) in both shoots and roots. There was a significant difference among genotypes in Co2+ subcellular distribution and chemical forms, with Ea52 accumulating more Co2+ in organelles and Yan66 accumulating more Co2+ in vacuole and cell wall. Moreover, the inorganic form of Co2+ extracted with 80% ethanol (F-ethanol) and water-soluble form (F-H2O) were significantly increased in Ea52, while Yan66 accumulated more Co2+ in the forms of low-bioavailable molecules (F-NaCl, F-HAc, and F-HCl). The results suggest that the vacuolar sequestration and cell wall deposition of Co2+ is a key resistant mechanism for genotype Yan66.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31330055) and China Agriculture Research System (CARS-05).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba, Gerald Zvobgo, Mulembo Mwamba, Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed & Guoping Zhang

  2. Department of Crops Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo

    Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba, Mulembo Mwamba & Robert Prince Mundende Mukobo

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  1. Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba
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  2. Gerald Zvobgo
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  3. Mulembo Mwamba
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  4. Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
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  5. Robert Prince Mundende Mukobo
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  6. Guoping Zhang
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Correspondence to Guoping Zhang.

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Communicated by E Schleiff.

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Lwalaba, J.L.W., Zvobgo, G., Mwamba, M. et al. Subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Co2+ in three barley genotypes under different Co2+ levels. Acta Physiol Plant 39, 102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2400-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2400-2

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