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The plasma membrane proton pump gene family in cucumber

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Abstract

Plasma membrane H+-ATPase, which generates the proton gradient across the outer membrane of plant cells, plays a crucial role in the regulation of many physiological processes. In several species, PM H+-ATPase is encoded by a multigene family (HA). In contrast to Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Oryza sativa, there is little information about the HA family in cucumber. Thus, in this study the first comprehensive analysis of the Cucumis sativus HA family was made. Using Blastn searches of cucumber whole genome shotgun reads from the GenBank database with 12 A. thaliana cDNAs encoding AtAHA1-12 proteins as the query, we retrieved a total of ten sequences, which significantly matched with AtAHAs. Phylogenetic analysis of CsHAs based on protein alignment revealed the representatives of three (I, II and IV) among five subfamilies known in other plant species. Expression patterns of genes showed their specific profiles during different phases of cucumber development and under specific exogenous factors. We also identified the putative cis-acting elements in CsHA promoters. Furthermore, the links between the patterns of cis-regulatory elements and tissue-specific or environmental-responding expression of genes as a first step to understanding the regulatory mechanism of HA in cucumber was performed. Our results provide a valuable basis for future studies aimed at explaining the role of particular H+-ATPase isoforms in cucumber responsiveness to the specific environmental factors.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

ACC:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

HA:

H+-ATPase

CsHA:

Cucumis sativus H+-ATPase

CRE:

Cis regulatory element

ESTs:

Expressed sequence tags

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

TIP41:

PPA2 activator (tonoplast intrinsic protein)

PM:

Plasma membrane

SAL:

Salicilic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328, Wroclaw, Poland

    Anna Wdowikowska & Grazyna Klobus

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  1. Anna Wdowikowska
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  2. Grazyna Klobus
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Correspondence to Grazyna Klobus.

Additional information

Communicated by E. Schleiff.

Electronic supplementary material

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11738_2016_2152_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Supplementary material 1 (TIFF 544 kb) Figure S1. MultiAlin alignment of CsHA1 - CsHA10. High consensus amino acids are indicated with red while low consensus residues in blue; black- neutral consensus color. The black boxes mark the conserved sequences common to P-ATPases: (TGES, DKTGTLT, GDGVNDA and KGAP). The putative transmembrane domains (TMDs) are sign with green boxes

11738_2016_2152_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Supplementary material 2 (TIFF 6221 kb) Figure S2. Relative expression of CsHA2, sHA3, CsHA4, CsHA8, CsHA9 and CsHA10 in roots and leaves of 14-day-old cucumbers growing under control conditions. Expression levels measured with qPCR are given as percentage of internal standard (TIP41) copies. Error bars represent SD. For each of the two independent RNA extractions, measurements of gene expression were obtained in duplicate or triplicate

11738_2016_2152_MOESM3_ESM.tif

Supplementary material 3 (TIFF 1582 kb) Figure S3. Expression of CsHA1 measured with RT-PCR in cucumber roots and leaves of 2-week-old cucumber under hormones and stress factors. The 14-day-old plants growing in standard nutrient solution were transferred to 50 μM ABA, IAA or GA3, 100 μM salicylic acid or 150 μM ACC solutions for 5 h. The effect of NaCl, PEG and light conditions was tested after 24 h exposure of 13-day-old plants to stress factors, whereas in experiments on different nutrient supplies, 9-day-old cucumber seedlings were transferred for 5 days to the nutrient solution without -N, -P or -S. The experiment was repeated three times independently with comparable results

Supplementary material 4 (XLSX 41 kb)

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Wdowikowska, A., Klobus, G. The plasma membrane proton pump gene family in cucumber. Acta Physiol Plant 38, 135 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-016-2152-4

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