Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of fucoxanthin and total pigment content was performed from brown, red and green macroalgal species (Fucus virsoides, Amphiroa rigida and Codium bursa) from the Adriatic Sea under different experimental conditions of time (15, 30 and 45 min), temperature (30, 50 and 70 °C) and solvent:solid ratio (10, 20 and 30 mL g−1). UAE was evaluated to determine the conditions influence on fucoxanthin yield (dominant pigment). The results showed that brown macroalga F. virsoides contained the highest fucoxanthin content (1.19–1.90 mg g−1 dry extract), followed by red macroalga A. rigida (0.29–0.90 mg g−1 dry extract) and green macroalga C. bursa (0.07–0.43 mg g−1 dry extract). Additionally, total concentrations of pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids) were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. Significant dependence on the applied extraction conditions for fucoxanthin and total pigments yields was revealed by the analysis of variance for the response surface models. Accordingly, the results showed differences for each macroalgal species in terms of the optimal UAE parameters. It can be concluded that UAE is successful method for the extraction of fucoxanthin from different macroalgal species, but the extraction optimization is crucial.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Croatian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund—the Competitiveness and Cohesion Operational Programme (KK.01.1.1.01) for funding The Scientific Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting—BioProCro. We thank also Donat Petricioli for the sample collection and identification.
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This research was funded by the Croatian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund—the Competitiveness and Cohesion Operational Programme (KK.01.1.1.01), The Scientific Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting—BioProCro.
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A-MC took part in conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing—original draft preparation. KA involved in methodology, formal analysis, investigation, data curation. DV took part in writing—review and editing, and supervision. ST took part in writing—review and editing, and supervision. PL involved in formal analysis and investigation. IJ involved in conceptualization, investigation, writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, supervision.
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Cikoš, AM., Aladić, K., Velić, D. et al. Evaluation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of fucoxanthin and total pigments from three croatian macroalgal species. Chem. Pap. 77, 1545–1559 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02524-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02524-2