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A three-dimensional hybrid of CdS quantum dots/chitosan/reduced graphene oxide-based sensor for the amperometric detection of ceftazidime

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Abstract

Ceftazidime (CFZ), an anti-bacterial infection drug, was electrochemically investigated at the surface of CdS quantum dots/chitosan/reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (CdS-QDs/CS/rGO/GCE) in pH 3.0 phosphate buffer solution. The modified electrode was described by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Graphene oxide was synthesized through Hummers’method, which was electrochemically reduced at GCE. CS was used as the introduction of amino groups onto the surface rGO/GCE. The presence of CdS-QDs on the surface of CS/rGO/GCE improved the responded current of the electrooxidation toward CFZ. Under optimized conditions, amperometry in stirred solutions at the practical potential of 0.86 V displayed a linear range of concentration between 15 nM and 95 μM of CFZ. The limit of detection was 4.5 nM. The suggested sensor has high sensitivity and good selectivity for determining CFZ in spiked real samples.

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Abbreviations

GCE:

Glassy carbon electrode

CdS-QDs:

CdS quantum dots

CS:

Chitosan

rGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

CFZ:

Ceftazidime

EDC:

1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride

NHS:

N-hydroxysuccinimid

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

FT-IR:

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

CV:

Cyclic voltammetry

EIS:

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

PBS:

Phosphate buffer solution

LOD:

Limit of detection

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by the Razi University Research for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Nanoscale Biosensing and Bioimaging (NBAB), School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry, and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China

    Giti Paimard

  2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Giti Paimard, Mojtaba Shamsipur & Mohammad Bagher Gholivand

  3. Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Giti Paimard

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  1. Giti Paimard
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  2. Mojtaba Shamsipur
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  3. Mohammad Bagher Gholivand
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Correspondence to Giti Paimard.

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Paimard, G., Shamsipur, M. & Gholivand, M.B. A three-dimensional hybrid of CdS quantum dots/chitosan/reduced graphene oxide-based sensor for the amperometric detection of ceftazidime. Chem. Pap. 77, 437–449 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02494-5

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