Abstract
Two calcium-based absorbents, hydrated lime and calcium carbonate slurries, were employed for studies on absorption of SO2 from simulated flue gases in semi-batch bubble column and foam-bed slurry reactors. The concentration of SO2 at the inlet to, and exit from, the reactor was measured using a ZRJFAY36, Fuji, Japan make infrared SO2 analyzer. Different surface-active agents were used for studies of performance of the foam-bed reactor for the desulfurization operation. With the bubble column reactor, the maximum value of the transient SO2 removal efficiency obtained was 99.4% with hydrated lime slurry, while with the use of calcium carbonate slurry this value was 97.7%. In the foam-bed reactor, the maximum removal efficiencies were found to reduce, more with lime slurry: 91% with each of Triton X-100 and Tween 80, but to 95.2% and 96%, respectively, when calcium carbonate was used as the absorbent. The products obtained from the desulfurization operation were characterized using FT-IR and TGA analyses. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate was obtained for all the combinations of absorbents without and with the surfactant additives, except in the case where Teepol was added to the hydrated lime slurry and gypsum was obtained as the FGD product.
Graphic abstract
Highlights
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Hydrated lime and calcium carbonate slurries were employed for absorption of SO2 from simulated flue gases in semi-batch bubble column and foam-bed slurry reactors.
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With the bubble column reactor, the maximum value of the transient SO2 removal efficiency obtained was 99.4% with hydrated lime slurry and 97.7% for calcium carbonate slurry.
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In the foam-bed reactor, the maximum removal efficiencies were found to be 91% with each of Triton X-100 and Tween 80, but 95.2% and 96%, respectively, when calcium carbonate was used as the absorbent.
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The products obtained from the desulfurization operation were characterized using FT-IR and TGA analyses.
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Calcium sulfate hemihydrate was obtained for all the combinations of absorbents without and with the surfactant additives except in the case of adding Teepol to the hydrated lime slurry when gypsum was obtained as the FGD product.
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Change history
12 February 2020
In the original version of this article, unfortunately S.K. Jana was omitted as an author.
Abbreviations
- \( {\text{C}}_{{{\text{SO}}_{ 2} }} \) :
-
Initial concentration of SO2 in inlet gas, ppm
- u G :
-
Superficial velocity of gas, m s−1
- V sl :
-
Volume of slurry, m3
- CA, out :
-
Outlet SO2 gas concentration, ppm
- \( m_{B}^{T} (0) \) :
-
Initial solid loading
- CNaOH :
-
Concentration of NaOH in distilled water
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Acknowledgements
The author gratefully acknowledges the Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur for providing the laboratory support and Prof. S.K. Jana, Department of Chemical Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, for his help during the experimentation.
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Kumar, A. Desulfurization performance of sulfur dioxide and product characteristics in semi-batch bubble column and foam-bed contactor. Chem. Pap. 74, 2427–2439 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-019-00979-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-019-00979-4