Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simultaneous organosolv pretreatment and detoxification of agro-biomass for efficient lignin extraction and characterization

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Chemical Papers Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A sequential acid extraction approach using organic acid followed by peroxy acid to enhance the recovery of lignin from Bambusa bambos was investigated. The conventional organic acid process was utilized in the pulping step to recover lignin. The residual organic acid-treated pulp was subjected to additional delignification step with peroxy acid to recover additional lignin. A five-level central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize this sequential organic acid followed by peroxy acid extraction process. Three factors, organic acid and peroxy acid concentration, biomass concentration, and duration of extraction, were optimized to maximize OAT–lignin (organic acid-treated lignin) and PAT–lignin (peroxy acid-treated lignin) recovery. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze the significance of these variables on lignin recovery. The optimization process (83.45% v/v organic acid, 8.65% w/v biomass, and 3.35 h duration of extraction) resulted in the maximization of OAT–lignin recovery (123.6 mg/g of biomass) in the organic acid treatment step. The peroxy acid treatment was optimized (83.81% v/v peroxy acid, 6.41% w/v OAT pulp, and 3.23 h duration of extraction) to show that additional 47.2 mg/g of PAT–lignin can be recovered in the delignification step. The physicochemical characteristics of the lignin recovered with the sequential strategy were determined by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA), and 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). The results show that the sequential treatment strategy significantly enhances the lignin extracted from Bambusa bambos.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbas HF, Afidah AR, Mohamad NMI, Hazwan HM, Adel MA, Ali S (2017) Investigation of oil palm based Kraft and auto-catalyzed organosolv lignin susceptibility as a green wood adhesives. Int J Adhes Adhes 74:115–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvira P, Tomás Pejo E, Ballesteros M, Negro MJ (2010) Pretreatment technologies for an efficient bioethanol production process based on enzymatic hydrolysis: a review. Bioresour Technol 101:4851–4861

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ben H, Mu W, Deng Y, Ragauskas AJ (2013) Production of renewable gasoline from aqueous phase hydrogenation of lignin pyrolysis oil. Fuel 103:1148–1153

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boeriu CG, Bravo D, Gosselink RJA, Van Dam JEG (2004) Characterization of structure-dependent functional properties of lignin with infrared spectroscopy. Ind Crops Prod 20:205–218

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brosse N, Ibrahim MNM, Rahim AA (2011) Biomass to bioethanol: initiatives of the future for lignin. ISRN Mater Sci 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Bu L, Tang Y, Gao Y, Jian H, Jiang J (2011) Comparative characterization of milled wood lignin from furfural residues and corncob. Chem Eng J 175:176–184

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cybulska Brudecki G, Rosentrater K, Julson JL, Lei H (2012) Comparative study of organosolv lignin extracted from prairie cordgrass, switchgrass and corn stover. Bioresour Technol 118:30–36

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Saied H, Nada AAMA (1993) The thermal behaviour of lignins from wasted black pulping liquors. Polym Degrad Stabil 40:417–421

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao Y, Zhang J, Chen X, Ma D, Yan N (2014) A metal-free, carbon-based catalytic system for the oxidation of lignin model compounds and lignin. Chem-Plus Chem 79:825–834

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia A, Toledanoa A, Serranoa L, Eguesa I, Gonzaleza M, Marin F, Labidi F (2009) Characterization of lignins obtained by selective precipitation. Sep Purif Technol 68:193–198

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goncalves FA, Ruiz HA, dos Santos ES, Teixeira JA, de Macedo GR (2016) Bioethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia stipitis and Zymomonas mobilis from delignified coconut fibre mature and lignin extraction according to biorefinery concept. Renew Energ 94:353–365

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hage RE, Chrusciel L, Desharnais L, Brosse N (2010) Effect of autohydrolysis of Miscanthus giganteus on lignin structure and organosolv delignification. Bioresour Technol 101:9321–9329

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar N, Vijayashankar S, Pasupathi P, Nirmal Kumar S, Poonnguzhali E, Rajesh M, Tamilarasan K (2018) Optimal extraction, sequential fractionation and structural characterization of soda lignin. Res Chem Intermed 44:5403–5413

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lange H, Decina S, Crestini C (2013) Oxidative upgrade of lignin—recent routes reviewed. Eur Poly J 49:1151–1173

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Doherty TV, Linhardt RJ, Dordick JS (2009) Ionic liquid-meditated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis. Biotecnol Bioeng 102:1368–1376

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liang X, Liu J, Fu Y, Chang J (2016) Influence of anti-solvents on lignin fractionation of eucalyptus globulus via green solvent system pretreatment. Sep Purif Technol 163:258–266

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lourencon TV, Hansel FA, de Silva TA, Ramos LP, de Muniz GIB, Magalhes WLE (2015) Hardwood and softwood kraft lignins fractionation by simple sequential acid precipitation. Sep Purif Technol 154:82–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manisha J, Mariya S, Sharmila G, Muthukumaran C, Baskar G, Tamilarasan K (2015) Fabrication of a chitosan-coated magnetic nanobiocatalyst for starch hydrolysis. Chem Engg Technol 38:1444–1451

    Google Scholar 

  • Manisha J, Mariya S, Radha S, Kiruthika S, Muthukumaran C, Tamilarasan T (2016) Synthesis, characterization and kinetic analysis of chitosan coated magnetic nanobiocatalyst and its application on glucose oleate ester synthesis. J Mol Catal B Enzym 128:1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall AL, Alaimo PJ (2010) Useful products from complex starting materials: common chemicals from biomass feed stocks. Chem Eur J 16:4970–4980

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monteil-Rivera F, Phuong M, Ye M, Halasz A, Hawari J (2013) Isolation and characterization of herbaceous lignins for applications in biomaterials. Ind Crops Prod 41:356–364

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nadji H, Diouf PN, Benaboura A, Bedard Y, Riedl B, Stevanovic T (2009) Comparative study of lignins isolated from Alfa grass (Stipa tenacissima L.). Bioresour Technol 100:3585–3592

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nitzsche R, Budzinski M, Gröngröft A (2016) Techno-economic assessment of a wood-based bio refinery concept for the production of polymer-grade ethylene, organosolv lignin and fuel. Bioresour Technol 200:928–939

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pablo L, Juan J, Dv Alberto, Manuel B (2008) Delignification of Eucalyptus globulus saplings in two organosolv systems (formic and acetic acid) Preliminary analysis of dissolved lignins. Ind Crops Prod 27:110–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Padmanaban S, Balaji N, Muthukumaran C, Tamilarasan K (2015) Statistical optimization of process parameters for exopolysaccharide production by Aureobasidium pullulans using sweet potato based medium. 3 Biotech 5:1067–1073

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pan X, Gilkes N, Kadla J, Pye K, Saka S, Gregg D, Ehara K, Xie D, Lam D, Saddler J (2006) Bioconversion of hybrid poplar to ethanol and co-products using an organosolv fractionation process: optimization of process yields. Biotechnol Bioeng 94:851–861

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park Y, Doherty WOS, Halley PJ (2008) Developing lignin-based resin coating sand composites. Ind Crops Prod 27:163–167

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pinto CRP, Oliveira C, Costa CA, Gaspar A, Faria T, Ataíde J, Rodrigues AE (2015) Kraft delignification of energy crops in view of pulp production and lignin valorization. Ind Crops Prod 71:153–162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sales FG, Maranhão LCA, Filho NML, Abreu CAM (2007) Experimental evaluation and continuous catalytic process for fine aldehyde production from lignin. Chem Eng Sci 62:5386–5391

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santos PSBd, Erdocia X, Gatto DA, Labidi J (2014) Characterisation of Kraft lignin separated by gradient acid precipitation. Ind Crops Prod 55:149–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Schorr D, Diouf PN, Stevanovic T (2014) Evaluation of industrial lignins for biocomposites production. Ind Crops Prod 52:65–73

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scordia D, Cosentino SL, Jeffries TW (2013) Enzymatic hydrolysis, simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentation of oxalic acid pretreated giant reed (Arundo donax L.). Ind Crop Prod 49:392–399

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Srikanth S, Swathi M, Tejaswini M, Sharmila G, Muthukumaran C, Jaganathan MK, Tamilarasan K (2014) Statistical optimization of molasses based exopolysaccharide and biomass production by Aureobasidium pullulans MTCC 2195. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 3:7–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun R, Lu Q, Sun XF (2001) Physico-chemical and thermal characterization of lignins from Caligonum monogoliacum and Tamarix spp. Polym Degrad Stabil 72:229–238

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tan SSY, MacFarlane DR, Upfal J, Edye LA, Doherty WOS, Patti AF, Pringle JM, Scott JL (2009) Extraction of lignin from lignocellulose at atmospheric pressure using alkyl benzene sulfonate ionic liquid. Green Chem 11:339–345

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uppugundla N, Sousa LdC, Chundawat SPS, Yu X, Simmons B, Singh S, Gao X, Kumar R, Wyman CE, Dale BE, Balan V (2014) A comparative study of ethanol production using dilute acid, ionic liquid and AFEX™ pretreated corn stover. Biotechnol Biofuels 7:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang G, Chen H (2013) Fractionation of alkali-extracted lignin from steam- exploded stalk by gradient acid precipitation. Sep Purif Technol 105:98–105

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins D, Nuruddin Md, Hosur M, Narteh AT, Jeelani S (2015) Extraction and characterization of lignin from different biomass resources. J Mater Res Technol 4:26–32

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wen JL, Sun SL, Yuan TQ, Xu F, Sun RC (2013) Fractionation of bamboo culms by autohydrolysis, organosolv delignification and extended delignification: understanding the fundamental chemistry of the lignin during the integrated process. Bioresour Technol 150:278–286

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu F, Sun JX, Sun R, Fowler P, Baird MS (2006) Comparative study of organosolv lignins from wheat straw. Ind Crops Prod 23:180–193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu F, Sun R, Zhai MZ, Sun JX, Jiang JX, Zhao GJ (2008) Comparative study of three lignin fractions isolated from mild ball-milled Tamarix austromogoliac and Caragana sepium. J Appl Polym Sci 108:1158–1168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to the Department of chemical engineering in SRM Institute of Science and Technology for their support to carry out this research work and also supported by Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System Of Medicine for providing NMR analysis facilities.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 603203, India

    Vigneshraj Gunasekaran, Srinivas Ramesh, Kiruthika Sathiasivan, Mukund Shankar, Mathur Rajesh & Krishnamurthi Tamilarasan

Authors
  1. Vigneshraj Gunasekaran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Srinivas Ramesh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kiruthika Sathiasivan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mukund Shankar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mathur Rajesh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Krishnamurthi Tamilarasan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Krishnamurthi Tamilarasan.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gunasekaran, V., Ramesh, S., Sathiasivan, K. et al. Simultaneous organosolv pretreatment and detoxification of agro-biomass for efficient lignin extraction and characterization. Chem. Pap. 74, 273–283 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-019-00876-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-019-00876-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation