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The Effect of Diet Composition on the Post-operative Outcomes of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Mice

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A Correction to this article was published on 18 January 2024

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Abstract

Purpose

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) leads to the improvement of many obesity-associated conditions. The degree to which post-operative macronutrient composition contributes to metabolic improvement after RYGB is understudied.

Methods

A mouse model of RYGB was used to examine the effects of diet on the post-operative outcomes of RYGB. Obese mice underwent either Sham or RYGB surgery and were administered either chow or HFD and then monitored for an additional 8 weeks.

Results

After RYGB, reductions to body weight, fat mass, and lean mass were similar regardless of diet. RYGB and HFD were independently detrimental to bone mineral density and plasma vitamin D levels. Independent of surgery, HFD accelerated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation and exhibited greater myeloid lineage commitment. Independent of diet, systemic iron deficiency was present after RYGB. In both Sham and RYGB groups, HFD increased energy expenditure. RYGB increased fecal energy loss, and HFD after RYGB increased fecal lipid content. RYGB lowered fasting glucose and liver glycogen levels but HFD had an opposing effect. Indices of insulin sensitivity improved independent of diet. HFD impaired improvements to dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and fibrosis.

Conclusion

Post-operative diet plays a significant role in determining the degree to which RYGB reverses obesity-induced metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and NAFLD. Diet composition may be targeted in order to assist in the treatment of post-RYGB bone mineral density loss and vitamin D deficiency as well as to reverse myeloid lineage commitment. HFD after RYGB continues to pose a significant multidimensional health risk.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Comparative Medicine Division for their help and kind support throughout the duration of the study.

Funding

EAF and MN were supported by NIH grants HL131481 and HL084312.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Research, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA

    Matthew Stevenson, Ankita Srivastava, Christopher Hall, Thomas Palaia, Jenny Lee, Raymond Lau, Collin Brathwaite & Louis Ragolia

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, NYU Langone Health Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Maria Nacher, Florencia Schlamp, Sean P. Heffron & Edward A. Fisher

  3. The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology and the Cardiovascular Research Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Maria Nacher, Sean P. Heffron & Edward A. Fisher

  4. Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA

    Chaohui Lisa Zhao

  5. Department of Endocrinology, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA

    Raymond Lau

  6. Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Mohamed A. E. Ali & Christopher Y. Park

  7. Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA

    Collin Brathwaite

  8. Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA

    Louis Ragolia

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  1. Matthew Stevenson
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Key Points

• After RYGB, body weight, fat mass, and lean mass are similar regardless of diet.

• RYGB and HFD are independently detrimental to BMD and vitamin D levels.

• HFD promotes HSPC differentiation and myeloid skewing independent of RYGB surgery.

• HFD after RYGB impairs improvements to hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and NAFLD.

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Stevenson, M., Srivastava, A., Nacher, M. et al. The Effect of Diet Composition on the Post-operative Outcomes of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Mice. OBES SURG 34, 911–927 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-023-07052-w

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