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Food-packaging interaction during ultrasound processing: migration of monomers from multilayer polyamide packages to different food simulants

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Abstract

This study evaluated the migration of monomers from two multilayer packages for three food simulants due to ultrasound processing. A three (PE/PA/PE) and a five (PE/PA/PE/PA/PE) layers packages, based on polyethylene (PE) and polyamide (PA6/6.6), were studied. The packages were filled with aqueous, acid and fatty food simulants and processed in an ultrasound bath (25 kHz, volumetric power of 9.74 W/L, 25 °C) up to 60 min, simulating possible food processes. The migration of ε-caprolactam was influenced by packaging material, food simulant and ultrasound processing time, being higher in the three-layers package. The ultrasound processing did not influence the overall migration nor those of hexamethylenediamine, in any packages, food simulant nor process conditions. Although all results met the migration limits established by both Brazilian and European Union legislations, this study highlights the importance of packaging design and evaluation in the development of emerging technologies of food processing.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Cetea-Ital laboratory technicians Karina A. Shiwaku, Caroline D. Torres, Jéssica D. C. Arruda and Danielle da S. Teixeira for their support in the experimental analyses, the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for the post-doctoral fellowship of L. Marangoni Júnior Grant #2021/04043-2 and State Research Institutes Modernization Program #2017/50349-0. This study was partly financed by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel—Brazil (CAPES)—Financial Code 001. Communauté urbaine du Grand Reims, Département de la Marne, Région Grand Est and European Union (FEDER Champagne-Ardenne 2014-2020) are acknowledged for their financial support to the Chair of Biotechnology of CentraleSupélec and the Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Packaging Technology Center, Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil, 2880, Campinas, São Paulo, 13070-178, Brazil

    Luís Marangoni Júnior, Mary Ângela Favaro Perez, Paulo Henrique Massaharu Kiyataka, Fiorella Balardin Hellmeister Dantas & Marisa Padula

  2. CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France

    Pedro Esteves Duarte Augusto

  3. Bureau d’Études en Packaging, 4 Rue du Ruisselet, 51100, Reims, France

    Beatriz Maria Curtio Soares

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  1. Luís Marangoni Júnior
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Contributions

LMJ: Conceptualization; Methodology; Validation; Formal analysis; Investigation; Resources; Data Curation; Writing—Original Draft; Visualization; Project administration; Funding acquisition. PEDA: Conceptualization; Methodology; Formal analysis; Writing—Review & Editing. MÂFP: Methodology; Data Curation; Formal analysis; Writing—Review & Editing. BMCS: Methodology; Data Curation; Writing—Review & Editing. PHMK: Methodology; Data Curation; Writing—Review & Editing. FBHD: Methodology; Resources; Writing—Review & Editing. MP: Conceptualization; Methodology; Resources; Writing—Review & Editing; Supervision; Project administration; Funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Luís Marangoni Júnior.

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Marangoni Júnior, L., Augusto, P.E.D., Perez, M.Â.F. et al. Food-packaging interaction during ultrasound processing: migration of monomers from multilayer polyamide packages to different food simulants. Food Measure 18, 1452–1462 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-023-02259-y

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