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Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Genotypes in Different Hosts Worldwide: A Systematic Review

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Abstract

Introduction

The aim of this study was to develop a synthesis of the evidence available regarding verified E. granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) genotypes in different species worldwide.

Material and Methods

A systematic review was performed including studies concerning genotypes of E. granulosus s.l. without language or genotyped method restriction, published between 1990 and 2020. A systematic search was carried out in Trip Database, BIREME, SciELO, LILACS, IBECS, PAHO-WHO, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and WoS. Variables of interest were year of publication, country, number of samples, and hosts; genotypes, molecular marker, haplotypes and molecular biology techniques used. Descriptive statistics were applied.

Results

2411 articles were analyzed, however 135 met the selection criteria, representing 8643 liver and lung samples. Of the samples selected 24% were human, the remaining samples pertained to non-human animal hosts; cattle and sheep prevailed with 28.6% and 26.6% of the studied samples, respectively. The reported evidence is mainly from Iran, Turkey, Argentina, China and Chile; with 50, 11, 6, 6 and 5 studies, respectively, published between 1992 and 2020 [most frequently during 2015–2020 (76/135 studies; 56.3%)]. The mitochondrial gene cox1 was generally sequenced and informative (91.8%). Genotypes most frequently identified were E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (83.2%).

Conclusions

Based on this overall evidence, it can be concluded that publications related to genotypes of E. granulosus s.l. are heterogeneous. E. granulosus ss accounts for the vast majority of the global burden of E. granulosus s.l. worldwide. Further studies including larger number of cases and adequate internal validity are required to specify the distribution of genotypes in various host species.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Universidad de La Frontera DIUFRO under Grant DI19-0030.

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  1. PhD Program in Medical Sciences and CEMyQ, Universidad de La Frontera, Manuel Montt 112, Office 408, Temuco, Chile

    Carlos Manterola, Armando Totomoch-Serra, Claudio Rojas, Ángela L. Riffo-Campos & Nayely García-Méndez

  2. Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile

    Carlos Manterola

  3. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies, National Polytechnic Institute, México City, México

    Armando Totomoch-Serra

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Manterola, C., Totomoch-Serra, A., Rojas, C. et al. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Genotypes in Different Hosts Worldwide: A Systematic Review. Acta Parasit. 67, 161–185 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00439-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00439-8

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