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Cold-Plasma-Sterilized Nanostructured Ti6Al4V: Effect on Nanostructured Surface Morphology and Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Abstract

The cold plasma sterilization is an alternative sterilization process that does not modify the morphological properties of nanostructured surfaces of titanium and its alloys. This study aims to evidence the effect of surface morphology of the cold-plasma-sterilized nanostructured Ti6Al4V on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The surface treatments on Ti6Al4V used were sanding and electropolishing in a H2SO4/HF/glycerin solution. The samples were characterized by AFM, optical interferometry, and wettability. BM-MSCs were cultured for 14 days and tested for cell adhesion, metabolic activity, ALP activity, and mineralization. Results demonstrated that the nanostructured morphology of Ti6Al4V remained intact after the sterilization and promoted a more hydrophilic surface, which contributed to the increase in the metabolic activity, and to osteogenesis of BM-MSCs, as well as to the extracellular matrix mineralization. The bacteriological and mycological tests showed that bacteria, fungi, and yeasts were not detected after cold plasma sterilization.

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Acknowledgments

The present work was carried out with the support of CAPES (Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) (CAPES - PROEX Process 23038.000341/2019-71), CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) [Grants No. 408366/2018-4] and FAPERGS [Grants Nos. 19/2551-0002280-8 and 19/2551-0000699-3]. Célia de Fraga Malfatti acknowledges CNPq (Grant 307723/ 2018-6). L.M. Antonini thanks for the postdoctorate scholarship CAPES PNPD (Grant PNPD20132547). The authors would like to thank Jane Brazil (from Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA, Brazil), for her technical services related to cell culture. INCT-Regenera. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

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This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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  1. LAPEC/PPGE3M, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43427, Sala 232, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil

    Leonardo Marasca Antonini & Célia de Fraga Malfatti

  2. ELETROCORR/PPGE3M, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43427, Sala 216, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil

    Antonio Shigueaki Takimi

  3. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brazil, Av. Farroupilha, São José, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, 92425900, Brazil

    Vanessa Pinheiro Amaral & Melissa Camassola

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LMA contributed to investigation, writing, methodology—original draft. VPA contributed to methodology, investigation, writing—review. MC contributed to writing—review. AST contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis. CFM contributed to conceptualization, supervision, formal analysis.

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Antonini, L.M., Takimi, A.S., Amaral, V.P. et al. Cold-Plasma-Sterilized Nanostructured Ti6Al4V: Effect on Nanostructured Surface Morphology and Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 30, 7236–7246 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-05903-0

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