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Study of Carbide Precipitation in Two Cobalt-Based Alloys with Distinct Chromium and Tungsten Contents

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Abstract

Wear-resistant cobalt-based alloys generally contain high chromium content so that the carbides in these alloys are mainly Cr-rich except the alloys which contain very high tungsten content. In this research an abnormal cobalt-based with very low chromium but very high tungsten content is created, in order to avoid Cr-rich carbide precipitation. The focus of the research is to investigate the effect of chromium and tungsten contents on the formation of carbides in cobalt-based alloys. Furthermore, the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure change of the new alloy is studied by aging the alloy at a temperature of 900 °C for 24 hours or at 980 °C for 350 hours. It is found that the heat treatments can cause dissolution of W-rich carbides and promote graphite separation from the carbides in the new alloy. The dry-sliding wear tests show that the presence of graphite improves the tribological properties of the new alloy due to reduction in friction. Aging time has influence on the dissolution of the carbides in the new alloy, thus affecting the amount of graphite precipitation during the heat treatment. Stellite 80, having the same carbon content but different chromium and tungsten contents with the new alloy, is studied in parallel for comparison.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for financial support from the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province, China (Grant No. 2019C04004), the Natural Science & Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), financial and in-kind support of Kennametal Stellite Inc., as well as the financial support from the China Scholarship Council and the Cultivation Fund of Zhejiang University of Technology for Excellent Doctoral Dissertation. Mr. Jiajin Sheng and Chenggan Xue also contributed to the experiments of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Laser Advanced Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 288 Liuhe Road, Hangzhou, 310023, China

    Yinping Ding, Zhehe Yao & Jianhua Yao

  2. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada

    Rong Liu & Xiaozhou Zhang

  3. Kennametal Stellite Inc, Belleville, Ontario, K8N 1G2, Canada

    Matthew Yao

  4. College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China

    Yinping Ding, Zhehe Yao & Jianhua Yao

  5. Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National “2011 Plan”), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China

    Yinping Ding, Zhehe Yao & Jianhua Yao

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  1. Yinping Ding
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  2. Rong Liu
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Correspondence to Jianhua Yao.

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Ding, Y., Liu, R., Zhang, X. et al. Study of Carbide Precipitation in Two Cobalt-Based Alloys with Distinct Chromium and Tungsten Contents. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 30, 5962–5973 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-05786-1

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