Skip to main content
Log in

Deposition of MoS2-TiN Multilayer Films on 1045 Steel to Improve Common Rail Injection System

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, plasma treatment was performed to increase the surface hardness, followed by the deposition of MoS2-TiN multilayer films by magnetron sputtering to reduce friction and facilitate sliding contact. The tribological test was performed with a tribometer (cylinder-disc type) developed exclusively to simulate the behavior of these components under pressure and movement conditions similar to those present in the common rail injection system (CRIS). The results obtained in this work showed a considerable increase in surface hardness due to the formation of iron nitrides caused by the plasma treatment, which slightly decreased by solid lubrication coating (MoS2). The increase in cycles in the tribological test causes a reduction in surface roughness due to the softness of the MoS2 layers by plastic deformation. The combination of plasma treatment and MoS2-TiN multilayer films contributed to the decrease in mass loss and better performance of the studied components.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. Guan, Y. Duan, J. Zhai, and D. Han, Hydraulic Dynamics in Split Fuel Injection on a Common Rail System and their Artificial Neural Network Prediction, Fuel, 2019, 255, p 115792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. K. Nikzadfar and A.H. Shamekhi, Investigating the Relative Contribution of Operational Parameters on Performance and Emissions of a Common-rail Diesel Engine Using Neural Network, Fuel, 2014, 125, p 116–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Vass and M. Zöldy, “Detailed Model of a Common Rail Injector, Acta Univ. Sapientiae, Electr. Mech. Eng., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 22–33, 2020.

  4. T.R. Krogerus and K.J. Huhtala, Diagnostics and Identification of Injection Duration of Common Rail Diesel Injectors, Open Eng., 2018, 8(1), p 1–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Liu, J. Yang, P. Sun, W. Gao, C. Yang, and J. Fang, Compound Combustion and Pollutant Emissions Characteristics of a Common-rail Engine with Ethanol Homogeneous Charge and Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers Injection, Appl. Energy, 2019, 239, p 1154–1162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. C.P.O. Treutler, Industrial Use of Plasma-Deposited Coatings for Components of Automotive Fuel Injection Systems, Surf. Coatings Technol., 2005, 200(5–6), p 1969–1975

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. D. Han, Y. Duan, C. Wang, H. Lin, and Z. Huang, Experimental Study on the Two Stage Injection of Diesel and Gasoline Blends on a Common Rail Injection System, Fuel, 2015, 159, p 470–475

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. T. Krogerus, M. Hyvönen, and K. Huhtala, Analysis of Common Rail Pressure Signal of Dual-Fuel Large Industrial Engine for Identification of Injection Duration of Pilot Diesel Injectors, Fuel, 2018, 216, p 1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. U. Buettner and H.-J. Fuesser, Surface of the Polygon or Piston Base Stroke Disc of Injection Pumps and Processes for their Manufacture. 2006.

  10. C. Donnet and A. Erdemir, Solid Lubricant Coatings: Recent Developments and Future Trends, Tribol. Lett., 2004, 17(3), p 389–397

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. C.G. Guleryuz, J.E. Krzanowski, S.C. Veldhuis, and G.S. Fox-Rabinovich, Machining Performance of TiN Coatings Incorporating Indium as a Solid Lubricant, Surf. Coatings Technol., 2009, 203(22), p 3370–3376

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. B. Qi and Z. Yong, Tribological Study of Piston–Cylinder Interface of Radial Piston Pump in High-pressure Common Rail System Considering Surface Topography Effect, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol., 2019.

  13. R. A. Mufti and M. Priest, Technique of Simultaneous Synchronized Evaluation of the Tribological Components of an Engine Under Realistic Conditions, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng., vol. 223, no. 10, pp. 1311–1325, 2009.

  14. J. Zheng, J. Hao, X. Liu, Q. Gong, and W. Liu, A thick TiN/TiCN Multilayer Film by DC Magnetron Sputtering, Surf. Coatings Technol., 2012, 209, p 110–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. C. Donnet and A. Erdemir, Historical Developments and New Trends in Tribological and Solid Lubricant Coatings, Surf. Coatings Technol., 2004, 180–181, p 76–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. W.-D. Münz, Large-Scale Manufacturing of Nanoscale Multilayered Hard Coatings Deposited by Cathodic Arc/Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering, MRS Bull., 2003, 28(3), p 173–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Haider, M. Rahman, B. Corcoran, and M. S. J. Hashmi, Deposition and Characterization of Hard-Solid Lubricant Coating by Closed-Field Magnetron Sputtering, Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 200, no. 1-4 SPEC. ISS., pp. 1080–1083, 2005.

  18. M.S. Libório et al., Surface Modification of M2 Steel by Combination of Cathodic Cage Plasma Deposition and Magnetron Sputtered MoS2-TiN Multilayer Coatings, Surf. Coatings Technol., 2020, 384, p 125327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Chhowalla and G.A.J. Amaratunga, Thin Films of Fullerene-like MoS2 Nanoparticles with Ultra-low Friction and Wear, Nature, 2000, 407(6801), p 164–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. P. Wang, L. Qiao, J. Xu, W. Li, and W. Liu, Erosion Mechanism of MoS2-Based Films Exposed to Atomic Oxygen Environments, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces., 2015, 7(23), p 12943–12950

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Ren, K. Shang, M. Cui, L. Wang, J. Pu, and P. Yi, Structural Design of MoS2-Based Coatings Toward High Humidity and Wide Temperature, J. Mater. Sci., 2019.

  22. M. P. Ananth and R. Ramesh, Sliding Wear Characteristics of Solid Lubricant Coating on Titanium Alloy Surface Modified by Laser Texturing and Ternary Hard Coatings, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (English Ed., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 839–847, 2017.

  23. G. Theiler, T. Gradt, W. Österle, A. Brückner, and V. Weihnacht, Friction and Endurance of MoS2/ta-C Coatings Produced by Laser Arc Deposition, Wear, 2013, 297(1–2), p 791–801

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. W. Zhang, D. Demydov, M.P. Jahan, K. Mistry, A. Erdemir, and A.P. Malshe, Fundamental Understanding of the Tribological and Thermal Behavior of Ag-MoS2 Nanoparticle-Based Multi-Component Lubricating System, Wear, 2012, 288, p 9–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. G. Amba Prasad Rao and S. Kaleemuddin, Development of variable timing fuel injection cam for effective abatement of diesel engine emissions, Appl. Energy, vol. 88, no. 8, pp. 2653–2662, 2011.

  26. S. Rodríguez-Barrero, J. Fernández-Larrinoa, I. Azkona, L.N. López De Lacalle, and R. Polvorosa, Enhanced Performance of Nanostructured Coatings for Drilling by Droplet Elimination, Mater. Manuf. Process., 2016, 31(5), p 593–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. A.I. Fernández-Abia, J. Barreiro, L.N.L. De Lacalle, and S. Martínez-Pellitero, Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels at High Speed Turning Using Specific Force Coefficients, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2012, 62(5–8), p 505–515

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. K. Zhou et al., Experimental Investigation on Material Removal Mechanism During Rail Grinding at Different Forward Speeds, Tribol. Int., 2020, 143, p 106040

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. J. Majerík, I. Barényi, and M. Eckert, Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Hard Finish Turned and Grinded Surfaces, Procedia Struct. Integr., 2019, 23, p 541–546

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Amini, M. Baraheni, and S.J. Esmaeili, Experimental Comparison of MO40 Steel Surface Grinding Performance Under Different Cooling Techniques, Int. J. Light. Mater. Manuf., 2019, 2(4), p 330–337

    Google Scholar 

  31. K. Zhou, H.H. Ding, W.J. Wang, R.X. Wang, J. Guo, and Q.Y. Liu, Influence of Grinding Pressure on Removal Behaviours of Rail Material, Tribol. Int., 2019, 134, p 417–426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. K.P. Furlan, J.D.B. de Mello, and A.N. Klein, Self-Lubricating Composites Containing MoS2: A Review, Tribol. Int., 2018, 120, p 280–298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. K.V.S. Damin et al., Improvement of Tribological Properties of Sintered Self-lubricating Composites Produced by Surface Mo-enrichment, Wear, 2020, 442–443, p 203123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. C. Saïed, A. Chala, O. Belahssen, and S. Benramache, Tribological Behavior of 42CrMo4 Steel Nitrided by Plasma, Acta Metall. Slovaca, 2015, 21(3), p 220–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. T. Liapina, A. Leineweber, E.J. Mittemeijer, and W. Kockelmann, The Lattice Parameters of ε-iron Nitrides: Lattice Strains Due to a Varying Degree of Nitrogen Ordering, Acta Mater., 2004, 52(1), p 173–180

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. S. Libório.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Silva, L.C., Libório, M.S., Lima, L.L.F. et al. Deposition of MoS2-TiN Multilayer Films on 1045 Steel to Improve Common Rail Injection System. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 29, 6740–6747 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05156-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05156-3

Keywords

Navigation